77 · 一次成功的手术
A successful operation
读懂并复述短故事，说明动作的先后、原因与人物反应。
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The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.
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整篇课文
The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.
医生刚给一具古埃及木乃伊做了手术。这位女子叫谢彭穆特，于公元前800年去世，生前是底比斯神庙的一名歌手。 木乃伊的X光片上有奇怪的斑痕，医生一直想弄清她是否死于某种罕见疾病。要查清，唯一的办法就是动手术。 手术持续了四个多小时。皮肤上覆盖着坚硬的树脂，操作十分困难。医生取下木乃伊的一部分，送到实验室。 他们还发现了一件X光片没拍出来的东西：一尊小小的杜阿穆特夫神蜡像。这位长着牛头的神，通常被放在木乃伊体内。 医生还没有确定这位女子究竟因何去世。 他们原本担心，切开后木乃伊会散成碎片，幸好并没有发生。这具木乃伊成功“挺过”了手术。
学完这一课
先沿这条线复述《一次成功的手术》：古代木乃伊接受手术 → 为查明死因而手术 → 树脂让手术很困难 → 发现X光没显示的物件 → 死因仍待确认 → 木乃伊完整保存下来。再借一个结构讲自己的事：先用短句介绍本课一个对象，再用关系从句补上识别它的重要细节。
译文依据整理稿，由本站按中文表达重新校订；解析据吴应时整理资料及首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第188—190页，2022年3月第1版。