27 · “瓦萨”号
The "Vasa"
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From the seventeenth-century empire of Sweden, the story of a galleon that sank at the start of her maiden voyage in 1628 must be one of the strangest tales of the sea. For nearly three and a half centuries she lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbour until her discovery in 1956. This was the Vasa, royal flagship of the great imperial fleet.
King Gustavus Adolphus, "The Northern Hurricane", then at the height of his military success in the Thirty Years' War, had dictated her measurements and armament. Triple gun-decks mounted sixty-four bronze cannon. She was intended to play a leading role in the growing might of Sweden.
As she was prepared for her maiden voyage on August 10, 1628, Stockholm was in a ferment. From the Skeppsbron and surrounding islands the people watched this thing of beauty begin to spread her sails and catch the wind. They had laboured for three years to produce this floating work of art; she was more richly carved and ornamented than any previous ship. The high stern castle was a riot of carved gods, demons, knights, kings, warriors, mermaids, cherubs; and zoomorphic animal shapes ablaze with red and gold and blue, symbols of courage, power, and cruelty, were portrayed to stir the imaginations of the superstitious sailors of the day.
Then the cannons of the anchored warships thundered a salute to which the Vasa fired in reply. As she emerged from her drifting cloud of gun smoke with the water churned to foam beneath her bow, her flags flying, pennants waving, sails filling in their breeze, and the red and gold of her super structure ablaze with colour, she presented a more majestic spectacle than Stockholmers had ever seen before. All gun-ports were open and the muzzles peeped wickedly from them.
As the wind freshened there came a sudden squall and the ship made a strange movement, listing to port. The Ordnance Officer ordered all the port cannon to be heaved to starboard to counteract the list, but the steepening angle of the decks increased. Then the sound of rumbling thunder reached the watchers on the shore, as cargo, ballast, ammunition and 400 people went sliding and crashing down to the port side of the steeply listing ship. The lower gun-ports were now below water and the inrush sealed the ship's fate. In that first glorious hour, the mighty Vasa, which was intended to rule the Baltic, sank with all flags flying—in the harbour of her birth.
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整篇课文
From the seventeenth-century empire of Sweden, the story of a galleon that sank at the start of her maiden voyage in 1628 must be one of the strangest tales of the sea. For nearly three and a half centuries she lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbour until her discovery in 1956. This was the Vasa, royal flagship of the great imperial fleet.
King Gustavus Adolphus, "The Northern Hurricane", then at the height of his military success in the Thirty Years' War, had dictated her measurements and armament. Triple gun-decks mounted sixty-four bronze cannon. She was intended to play a leading role in the growing might of Sweden.
As she was prepared for her maiden voyage on August 10, 1628, Stockholm was in a ferment. From the Skeppsbron and surrounding islands the people watched this thing of beauty begin to spread her sails and catch the wind. They had laboured for three years to produce this floating work of art; she was more richly carved and ornamented than any previous ship. The high stern castle was a riot of carved gods, demons, knights, kings, warriors, mermaids, cherubs; and zoomorphic animal shapes ablaze with red and gold and blue, symbols of courage, power, and cruelty, were portrayed to stir the imaginations of the superstitious sailors of the day.
Then the cannons of the anchored warships thundered a salute to which the Vasa fired in reply. As she emerged from her drifting cloud of gun smoke with the water churned to foam beneath her bow, her flags flying, pennants waving, sails filling in their breeze, and the red and gold of her super structure ablaze with colour, she presented a more majestic spectacle than Stockholmers had ever seen before. All gun-ports were open and the muzzles peeped wickedly from them.
As the wind freshened there came a sudden squall and the ship made a strange movement, listing to port. The Ordnance Officer ordered all the port cannon to be heaved to starboard to counteract the list, but the steepening angle of the decks increased. Then the sound of rumbling thunder reached the watchers on the shore, as cargo, ballast, ammunition and 400 people went sliding and crashing down to the port side of the steeply listing ship. The lower gun-ports were now below water and the inrush sealed the ship's fate. In that first glorious hour, the mighty Vasa, which was intended to rule the Baltic, sank with all flags flying—in the harbour of her birth.
十七世纪瑞典帝国留下的航海故事中，一艘大帆船在一六二八年首航刚开始便沉没的经历，想必是最离奇的故事之一。它在斯德哥尔摩港底躺了将近三个半世纪，直到一九五六年才被发现。这就是“瓦萨”号，庞大帝国舰队的皇家旗舰。
当时，被称为“北方飓风”的古斯塔夫·阿道夫国王，正处在三十年战争中军事成就的巅峰。船的尺寸和武器配备，都是他亲自定下的。三层火炮甲板上装着六十四门青铜炮。这艘船原本要在瑞典日益增长的国力中发挥主导作用。
一六二八年八月十日，“瓦萨”号准备首航，斯德哥尔摩全城沸腾。人们在斯开普斯布隆码头和周围岛屿上，望着这艘美丽的大船开始张帆迎风。人们辛苦了三年，才造出这件漂浮的艺术品；它的雕刻之精美、装饰之华丽，超过此前的任何船只。高高的艉楼上，神灵、恶魔、骑士、国王、武士、美人鱼和小天使的雕像令人目不暇接；各种兽形图案以鲜艳的红、金、蓝色呈现，象征勇气、力量和残酷，用来激发当时那些迷信的水手的想象。
这时，停泊的战舰鸣炮致礼，“瓦萨”号也开炮回应。它从飘散的炮烟中驶出，船首下的水搅成白沫，舰旗飞扬，长旒飘动，风帆鼓满，船上建筑的红色与金色灿烂夺目。这是斯德哥尔摩人从未见过的雄伟景象。所有炮门都敞着，炮口从中探出，显得气势汹汹。
风渐渐大起来，突然又刮来一阵狂风。大船奇怪地晃动了一下，向左舷倾斜。军械官命令把左舷所有大炮搬到右舷，以抵消倾斜，但甲板还是越倾越厉害。货物、压舱物、弹药和四百个人一齐滑落、撞向左舷，岸上的人听到了雷鸣般的轰响。下层炮门此时已没入水中，涌入的海水决定了大船的命运。这艘本要称雄波罗的海的“瓦萨”号，就在首航最辉煌的第一个小时里，旗帜仍在飘扬，却沉没在自己诞生的港口。
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译文依据整理稿，由本站按中文表达重新校订；解析据吴应时整理资料及首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第108—112页，2022年2月第2版。