03 · 马特霍恩山区人
Matterhorn Man
区分观点、依据、例子与限制，用自己的话准确重建论述。
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Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!
It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could—sometimes with the local priest who was usually as poor as his parishioners, sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.
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整篇课文
Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!
It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could—sometimes with the local priest who was usually as poor as his parishioners, sometimes with shepherds or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.
现代登山者喜欢挑选能充分体验攀登乐趣的路线，而且路线越难，评价往往越高。但在登山运动的开拓时期，情况完全不同。早期登山者要找的是最容易登顶的路线，因为登上山顶才是他们追求的奖赏，尤其是登上一座还从未有人征服过的山峰。诚然，他们探险时装备之简陋，足以让今天的登山者一想起来就打寒战，途中也常遇到极其危险的困难和险境；但他们并不是刻意去寻求这种刺激。他们的目的只有一个：山顶！
今天，我们很难体会那些开拓者当年有多么艰难。除了采尔马特、沙莫尼等一两处很快就出了名的地方，阿尔卑斯山区的村落大多十分贫困，又被高山阻隔，与外界隔绝。即使有小旅馆，通常也肮脏不堪、跳蚤成群。食物不过是当地的奶酪，配上往往存放了十二个月的面包，再用粗劣的葡萄酒送下肚。一个山谷里常常连一家旅馆都没有，登山者只能到处找地方借宿：有时住在当地牧师家里，而牧师通常和教区居民一样穷；有时与牧羊人或做奶酪的人挤一晚。无论住在哪里，情形都一样：肮脏、贫穷，而且极不舒适。对于在家习惯一餐吃七道菜、睡在精细亚麻床单之间的人来说，来到阿尔卑斯山区，日子确实很难适应。
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