26｜人类还是电脑作曲
IELTS 100 · 第 26 / 100 课
今日原句
The participants weren't told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers, but were asked to guess, and then rate how much they liked each one.
先朗读，再对照原声
本课抓手
结构层次： 先排除信息／任务转折／后续任务
重点词块： beforehand、compose、rate
输出目标： 不看原句，能沿用本课结构表达一个与你有关的观点。
朗读切分
The participants weren't told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers, / but were asked to guess, / and then rate how much they liked each one.
先在 / 处短暂停顿。重读加粗内容词，虚词只轻轻带过；读到句尾再完整落音。
准确理解
参与者事先没有被告知这些曲调是由人还是由电脑创作的，但是要求他们去猜测，然后评估他们对每个曲调的喜爱程度。
难词与同义替换
| 原表达 | 本句含义 | 可替换表达 |
|---|---|---|
| beforehand | 事先 | in advance |
| compose | 作曲 | write |
| rate | 评分、评价 | evaluate |
替换词不一定能在所有语境中机械互换；这里的作用是扩大表达选择，同时保留本句语义。
语法骨架
主干与层次： whether...or... 引导宾语从句；were asked 与 weren’t told 是并列被动；how much 引导宾语从句。
- 被动语态：
be + 过去分词把重点放在承受动作的人或事物，而非动作执行者。 - 信息分层：先抓主干，再按下文精讲确认各段是条件、原因、修饰还是结果；不要逐词直译。
句型语法精讲
- 先排除信息：
The participants weren't told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers。whether...or... 是“曲子来源”的宾语内容；beforehand 表实验前。 - 任务转折：
but were asked to guess。同一个主语 participants 仍在起作用，were asked 是被动。 - 后续任务：
and then rate how much they liked each one。rate 与 guess 并列；how much 从句说明评分对象是喜爱程度。
读句顺序： 先把三处英文片段在原句中找出来，再读一遍完整原句；这样能分清主干、修饰和逻辑关系，而不是只记一串抽象标签。
句型迁移
可复用骨架： 〔参与者〕 weren't told 〔信息〕, but were asked to 〔任务一〕 and then 〔任务二〕.
The volunteers weren't told beforehand which design was cheaper, but were asked to choose one and then explain their reasons.
试着保持这个骨架，把主题换成你的工作、学习或生活，再口头说一句。能替换内容，才算真正掌握结构。
吃透与运用
1. 词块替换：保持结构，只换表达
beforehand→in advance：这里都接近“事先”，但替换后要把整句重新读一遍，感受搭配和语气。compose→write：这里都接近“作曲”，但替换后要把整句重新读一遍，感受搭配和语气。rate→evaluate：这里都接近“评分、评价”，但替换后要把整句重新读一遍，感受搭配和语气。
替换训练的重点不是“找同义词”，而是确认新表达放回原句后仍然自然、准确。
2. 主干恢复：先搭骨架，再填细节
先遮住原句，只看本课骨架：
〔参与者〕 weren't told 〔信息〕, but were asked to 〔任务一〕 and then 〔任务二〕.
再用自己的话说清楚：主句断言什么、其余信息修饰谁、各部分是什么逻辑关系。卡住时，先回看“句型语法精讲”，不要立刻抄整句。
3. 挖空跟读：把重点词块叫回来
The participants weren't told ______ whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers, but were asked to guess, and then ______ how much they liked each one.
词库： beforehand、rate
先口头填空，再播放原声核对；第二轮要连同空格前后的搭配一起说，而不是只报出单词。
4. 反向翻译：从意思重建英文
参与者事先没有被告知这些曲调是由人还是由电脑创作的，但是要求他们去猜测，然后评估他们对每个曲调的喜爱程度。
完成后点开核对原句
The participants weren't told beforehand whether the tunes were composed by humans or computers, but were asked to guess, and then rate how much they liked each one.
核对顺序：先看主干是否完整，再看时态与连接词，最后检查 beforehand、compose、rate 是否回到正确位置。
5. 三层输出：从理解走向会用
- 复述层：不用原句措辞，用简单英语解释这句话在说什么。
- 改写层：至少使用
in advance或write重说原意，并保持逻辑关系不变。 - 迁移层：沿用
〔参与者〕 weren't told 〔信息〕, but were asked to 〔任务一〕 and then 〔任务二〕.，换成工作、学习或生活中的真实内容，连续说两句。
6. 1—3—7 天复习
- 第 1 天：盲听 1 遍，跟读 3 遍，脱稿复述 1 次。
- 第 3 天：只看中文，恢复句子主干和至少两个重点词块。
- 第 7 天：不看页面，用本课句型讲一个自己的例子，并录下 20—30 秒。
今日自测
- 不看英文，只看译文，尽量还原原句主干。
- 用刻意放慢的速度清晰读 3 遍，再按自然语速连读 2 遍。
- 把本课任一难词换成右栏表达，比较语气和搭配是否变化。