089|压力、限制与应对(4/4)
公共生活与社会运行 · 压力、限制与应对 · 2 个表达
本课先理解语境,再完成主动回忆和仿写。标准学习时间约 15 分钟;忙碌时只做“一眼掌握”和本课小练习。
进度只保存在当前浏览器。复习时先回忆和重写,再展开讲解。
开始前,用 90 秒主动回忆
不要翻看上一课:写出上节课的一个表达,并尝试造句。想不起来也没关系,先检索记忆,再开始新内容。
1. be under pressure to do sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 承受着做某事的压力;被迫面对某种期待或要求;处于必须……的压力之下
English definition: to be in a situation in which someone is strongly expected to do something
这个表达是社会文化类写作中的高频骨架。它可以写个人,也可以写机构、政府、学校、城市。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: Young people are strongly expected to succeed early.
- 升级表达: Young people are under pressure to succeed early.
语境例句
In many societies, people are under pressure not only to earn a living, but to perform success publicly, which turns ordinary life into a continuous test of productivity, confidence, and visible achievement.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 be under pressure to do sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个表达是社会文化类写作中的高频骨架。它可以写个人,也可以写机构、政府、学校、城市。
它特别适合写:
- young people under pressure to succeed
- governments under pressure to reform
- schools under pressure to improve results
- cities under pressure to grow sustainably
语境复现
基础句:
- Young people are under pressure to succeed.
提升句:
- Public institutions are under increasing pressure to become more transparent and accountable.
应用句:
- In many societies, people are under pressure not only to earn a living, but to perform success publicly, which turns ordinary life into a continuous test of productivity, confidence, and visible achievement.
对应译文
- 年轻人正承受着成功的压力。
- 公共机构正面临越来越大的压力,必须变得更加透明和可问责。
- 在许多社会里,人们承受的压力,不只是养活自己,还包括要把“成功”公开展示出来;这使普通生活变成了一场持续不断的生产力、自信和可见成就的考验。
语法与搭配
常见结构:
- be under pressure to do sth.
- be under growing / increasing pressure to do sth.
例如:
- Governments are under pressure to act.
- Students are under pressure to perform well.
- Cities are under pressure to adapt.
易错提醒
这个表达强调的是外部压力、社会期待或现实逼迫,而不只是主观愿望。
近义表达与区别
- be expected to do sth.
- face pressure to do sth.
- feel compelled to do sth.
细微区别:
- be under pressure to do sth. 最强调外部现实和期待带来的压力。
- be expected to do sth. 更中性。
- face pressure to do sth. 很接近,但少了“处于压力之下”的持续感。
- feel compelled to do sth. 更强调主观感受到的逼迫。
更多仿写练习
请用 be under pressure to do sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 年轻人常常被迫尽早成功
- 政府正承受着改革的压力
- 学校面临着提高成绩的要求
仿写提示:可参考以下开头
- Young people are …
- The government is …
- Schools are …
查看参考答案
1. 年轻人常常被迫尽早成功
- Young people are often under pressure to succeed early.
- Many young adults are under pressure to build successful lives quickly.
2. 政府正承受着改革的压力
- The government is under pressure to introduce reform.
- Public leaders are under growing pressure to act more decisively.
3. 学校面临着提高成绩的要求
- Schools are under pressure to improve results.
- Many educational institutions are under pressure to perform better.
2. be ill-equipped to do sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 没有充分准备去……;缺乏应对……的条件、能力或资源;难以胜任……
English definition: not having the necessary ability, resources, or preparation to do something
这个表达很适合写制度、学校、家庭、社会,对某种新问题并没有准备好。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: Many schools are not ready to deal with mental health issues.
- 升级表达: Many schools are ill-equipped to deal with mental health issues.
语境例句
One reason social transitions can be so painful is that people are often asked to live in conditions for which their institutions, habits, and emotional tools are still ill-equipped, leaving individuals to absorb pressures that the wider system has not yet learned how to manage.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 be ill-equipped to do sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个表达很适合写制度、学校、家庭、社会,对某种新问题并没有准备好。
它特别适合写:
- schools ill-equipped to handle mental health issues
- institutions ill-equipped for rapid change
- families ill-equipped to prepare children for digital life
语境复现
基础句:
- Many schools are ill-equipped to deal with this problem.
提升句:
- Traditional institutions are often ill-equipped to respond to rapid technological change.
应用句:
- One reason social transitions can be so painful is that people are often asked to live in conditions for which their institutions, habits, and emotional tools are still ill-equipped, leaving individuals to absorb pressures that the wider system has not yet learned how to manage.
对应译文
- 很多学校并没有准备好应对这个问题。
- 传统机构往往没有能力充分回应快速的技术变化。
- 社会转型之所以痛苦,其中一个原因就在于:人们常常被要求在一种制度、习惯和情感工具都尚未准备好的条件下生活,结果本该由系统承担的压力,被迫落到了个体身上。
语法与搭配
常见结构:
- be ill-equipped to do sth.
- be ill-equipped for sth.
例如:
- Schools are ill-equipped to handle anxiety.
- Families may be ill-equipped for change.
- The system is ill-equipped to respond quickly.
易错提醒
它不是说“完全不行”,而是说“条件、能力、准备不足”。常带客观分析色彩。
近义表达与区别
- be unprepared to
- lack the resources to
- be poorly placed to
细微区别:
- be ill-equipped to do sth. 最强调“准备、能力、资源都不充分”。
- be unprepared to 更泛。
- lack the resources to 更强调资源。
- be poorly placed to 更偏正式和政策语境。
更多仿写练习
请用 be ill-equipped to do sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 很多家庭并没有准备好应对数字时代的教育问题
- 传统机构难以适应快速变化
- 一些学校缺乏处理学生心理问题的能力
仿写提示:可参考以下开头
- Many families are …
- Traditional institutions are …
- Some schools remain …
查看参考答案
1. 很多家庭并没有准备好应对数字时代的教育问题
- Many families are ill-equipped to deal with education in the digital age.
- Parents may feel ill-equipped to guide children through online life.
2. 传统机构难以适应快速变化
- Traditional institutions are often ill-equipped to adapt to rapid change.
- Older systems remain ill-equipped for the speed of modern transformation.
3. 一些学校缺乏处理学生心理问题的能力
- Some schools remain ill-equipped to support students’ mental health.
- Many educational institutions are ill-equipped to respond to emotional distress.
本课小练习
先独立完成,不要立即查看参考答案。
- 使用 be under pressure to do sth. 写一个关于“真实世界观察”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
- 使用 be ill-equipped to do sth. 写一个关于“科学与技术”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
小练习参考
- 开放答案。检查 be under pressure to do sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 be ill-equipped to do sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
迁移写作
围绕“压力、限制与应对”,选择一个与你的工作、学习或社会观察有关的具体问题,写一段 80—120 词的英文。至少自然地使用本课两个表达。
写完后检查:
- 表达的含义是否准确;
- 搭配和语法是否完整;
- 正式程度是否符合语境;
- 句子之间是否形成清楚的逻辑关系。
单元复盘
这是“压力、限制与应对”单元的最后一课。不要重新通读笔记,先完成主动回忆:
- 写出本单元你最想保留的 5 个表达;
- 每个表达写一个与自己有关的句子;
- 选择其中 3 个,写一段 120—150 词的短文;
- 检查语义、搭配、语气和段落逻辑。
结束本课
回到页面顶部标记“完成初学”。之后按照第 1、3、7、21 天的节奏复习。复习时优先回忆和重写,不要先重读讲解。

