081|权力、地位与公共形象(4/4)
公共生活与社会运行 · 权力、地位与公共形象 · 3 个表达
本课先理解语境,再完成主动回忆和仿写。标准学习时间约 15 分钟;忙碌时只做“一眼掌握”和本课小练习。
进度只保存在当前浏览器。复习时先回忆和重写,再展开讲解。
开始前,用 90 秒主动回忆
不要翻看上一课:写出上节课的一个表达,并尝试造句。想不起来也没关系,先检索记忆,再开始新内容。
1. be one of the defining features of sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 是……的一个决定性特征;是……最鲜明的特征之一;构成……的重要标志之一
English definition: to be one of the most important or characteristic parts of something
这是一个非常适合做主题句、总结句的表达。它可以把一个现象上升为“这个时代/这个社会/这类生活”的典型特征。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: Constant connectivity is a major characteristic of modern life.
- 升级表达: Constant connectivity is one of the defining features of modern life.
语境例句
Constant connectivity has become one of the defining features of contemporary life.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 be one of the defining features of sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这是一个非常适合做主题句、总结句的表达。它可以把一个现象上升为“这个时代/这个社会/这类生活”的典型特征。
它特别适合写:
- inequality as a defining feature of urban life
- constant connectivity as a defining feature of the digital age
- cultural diversity as a defining feature of global cities
语境复现
基础句:
- Diversity is one of the defining features of modern cities.
提升句:
- Constant connectivity has become one of the defining features of contemporary life.
应用句:
- One of the defining features of modern existence is that people are rarely fully offline, which changes not only how they work and communicate, but how they experience silence, attention, and even themselves.
对应译文
- 多样性是现代城市最鲜明的特征之一。
- 持续在线已经成为当代生活的一个标志性特征。
- 现代存在状态的一个决定性特征在于:人几乎很少真正处于离线状态;这改变的不只是工作和沟通方式,也改变了人如何体验安静、注意力,甚至如何体验自己。
语法与搭配
常见结构:
- be one of the defining features of sth.
- become one of the defining features of sth.
例如:
- Inequality is one of the defining features of urban life.
- Speed has become one of the defining features of modern work.
- Hybridity is one of the defining features of global culture.
易错提醒
它适合写“典型、代表性、足以定义整体”的特征,不适合太琐碎的小现象。
近义表达与区别
- a key feature of
- a hallmark of
- a major characteristic of
细微区别:
- one of the defining features of sth. 最强调“足以定义整体”的代表性特征。
- a key feature of 更中性。
- a hallmark of 更有“标志性”意味。
- a major characteristic of 更说明性。
更多仿写练习
请用 be one of the defining features of sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 不平等是现代城市生活的重要特征之一
- 持续在线是数字时代的标志之一
- 文化多样性是全球城市的鲜明特征之一
仿写提示:可参考以下开头
- Inequality is …
- Constant connectivity has become …
- Cultural diversity is …
查看参考答案
1. 不平等是现代城市生活的重要特征之一
- Inequality is one of the defining features of modern urban life.
- Unequal access remains one of the defining features of many large cities.
2. 持续在线是数字时代的标志之一
- Constant connectivity has become one of the defining features of the digital age.
- Being permanently reachable is now one of the defining features of contemporary life.
3. 文化多样性是全球城市的鲜明特征之一
- Cultural diversity is one of the defining features of global cities.
- Hybridity is one of the defining features of modern metropolitan life.
2. hold sway over sb. / sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 对……有强大影响力;支配;左右;在某人或某事上占据主导地位
English definition: to have strong influence or control over someone or something
这个短语用来表示某种力量、思想、人物、机构或传统, 对某个群体、领域或社会现象持续施加显著影响。
写作应用
这个短语 / 句型适合用于以下写作场景:
- 分析媒体、资本、传统或价值观的支配作用
- 讨论谁在塑造公共意见和社会选择
- 写消费文化、平台社会、家庭规范或制度影响
可替换普通表达:
- strongly influence sth.
- dominate sth.
- exercise great influence over sth.
语境例句
Even in an age that celebrates individuality, public taste is often shaped by a small number of platforms and influencers that hold considerable sway over what people see, value, and imitate.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 hold sway over sb. / sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语用来表示某种力量、思想、人物、机构或传统, 对某个群体、领域或社会现象持续施加显著影响。
它常见于较正式的写作和外刊评论,比如:
- social media holds sway over consumer behaviour
- old traditions still hold sway over family decisions
- a powerful narrative holds sway over public opinion
- a few large firms hold sway over the market
这个表达比普通的 influence 更强,更有“主导、左右、占上风”的感觉。
语境复现
基础句:
- Advertising still holds sway over many consumers.
提升句:
- In some communities, tradition continues to hold sway over important life choices.
应用句:
- Even in an age that celebrates individuality, public taste is often shaped by a small number of platforms and influencers that hold considerable sway over what people see, value, and imitate.
对应译文
- 广告至今仍然对许多消费者有很强的影响力。
- 在一些社区里,传统仍然在重要的人生选择上占据主导地位。
- 即使在一个强调个性的时代,公众品味往往仍由少数平台和意见领袖所塑造,因为它们对人们看到什么、重视什么、模仿什么拥有相当强的左右力。
语法与搭配
这个短语通常用于以下结构:
A + hold sway over + B
例如:
- Tradition holds sway over local customs.
- A few companies hold sway over the industry.
- Celebrity culture holds sway over young audiences.
常见主语:
- tradition
- public opinion
- a platform / a company / a media outlet
- ideology / narrative / culture
说明:
- sway 在这里表示“影响力、控制力”,常与 hold 搭配。
- 语气偏正式,适合评论、分析和议论文。
- 可与 still, continue to, increasingly 等副词搭配。
易错提醒
- hold sway over 比普通的 affect 或 influence 更强。
- 它通常用于抽象力量、制度、文化、平台或舆论,不太常用于日常小事。
- 写作时注意搭配对象通常是群体、市场、行为、判断或观念。
近义表达与区别
- dominate sth.
- exercise influence over sth.
- shape sth.
- call the shots
细微区别:
- hold sway over sth. 更正式,也更强调持续的支配力。
- dominate sth. 更直接,更强调控制局面。
- exercise influence over sth. 更书面,但画面感略弱。
- call the shots 更口语,不太适合正式写作。
更多仿写练习
请用 hold sway over sb. / sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 社交媒体强烈影响着年轻人的消费选择
- 在一些地方,传统观念仍然左右着婚姻决定
- 少数大公司主导着这个行业的发展方向
查看参考答案
- Social media holds sway over the spending choices of many young people.
- In some places, traditional beliefs still hold sway over marriage decisions.
- A small number of large firms hold sway over the direction of the industry.
3. be synonymous with sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 与……密切相关;几乎成了……的代名词;一提到某事物就会立刻联想到它
English definition: to be so closely associated with something that the two are almost considered the same
这个短语用来表示某个人、地方、品牌、文化特征或社会现象, 长期而稳定地和某种特点联系在一起,以至于二者几乎被看作是同一个概念。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: That city is strongly associated with art.
- 升级表达: That city is synonymous with art.
语境例句
In the public imagination, some major cities have become synonymous with ambition, speed, and competition, which shows how strongly cultural identity can be shaped by repeated images and narratives.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 be synonymous with sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语用来表示某个人、地方、品牌、文化特征或社会现象, 长期而稳定地和某种特点联系在一起,以至于二者几乎被看作是同一个概念。
它在社会文化类话题中非常常见,比如:
- Paris is synonymous with fashion.
- Fast food is often synonymous with convenience.
- The city has become synonymous with innovation and creativity.
- In some contexts, success is synonymous with wealth and visibility.
这个表达很适合用来写“社会印象”“文化标签”“集体认知”和“公众联想”。 它比简单的 be closely related to 更自然,也更强调那种“提到 A 就想到 B”的固定关联。
语境复现
基础句:
- For many people, the city is synonymous with opportunity.
提升句:
- Over time, the brand has become synonymous with quality and reliability.
应用句:
- In the public imagination, some major cities have become synonymous with ambition, speed, and competition, which shows how strongly cultural identity can be shaped by repeated images and narratives.
对应译文
- 对很多人来说,这座城市几乎就是“机会”的代名词。
- 随着时间的推移,这个品牌已经成了品质与可靠性的代名词。
- 在公众想象中,一些大城市已经成了野心、速度和竞争的代名词,这说明文化身份会在反复出现的形象和叙事中被强烈塑造。
语法与搭配
这个短语通常用于以下结构:
A + be synonymous with + B
例如:
- The region is synonymous with wine production.
- The company is synonymous with innovation.
- In some societies, education is synonymous with upward mobility.
常见搭配对象:
- a city / a country / a brand
- tradition / luxury / innovation / freedom
- success / fame / status / convenience
说明:
- synonymous with 是固定搭配,后面通常接名词或名词短语。
- 这个表达强调的是“高度关联”,不等于字面上的“完全相同”。
- 常见于正式写作、评论和外刊分析。
易错提醒
- be synonymous with sth. 强调的是“几乎成了代名词”,语气比 be related to 更强。
- 后面通常接名词,不直接接完整句子。
- 这个表达既可用于正面联想,也可用于负面联想,比如 poverty, corruption, or inequality。
- 不要把它误解成“两个词在词典里完全同义”;在写作中它更多表示“高度绑定的社会认知”。
近义表达与区别
- be closely associated with sth.
- be linked to sth.
- be identified with sth.
- be known for sth.
细微区别:
- be synonymous with sth. 最强调“几乎成了代名词”。
- be closely associated with sth. 更中性,语气稍弱。
- be identified with sth. 更偏“被视作代表”。
- be known for sth. 最普通,也最不强调固定联想。
更多仿写练习
请用 be synonymous with sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 这个地区几乎成了高品质咖啡的代名词
- 在一些人眼里,成功往往成了金钱和地位的代名词
- 这座城市长期以来一直被视为创造力的代名词
查看参考答案
- This region has become synonymous with high-quality coffee.
- In the eyes of some people, success has become synonymous with money and status.
- The city has long been synonymous with creativity.
本课小练习
先独立完成,不要立即查看参考答案。
- 使用 be one of the defining features of sth. 写一个关于“真实世界观察”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
- 使用 hold sway over sb. / sth. 写一个关于“真实世界观察”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
- 使用 be synonymous with sth. 写一个关于“文化与社会”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
小练习参考
- 开放答案。检查 be one of the defining features of sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 hold sway over sb. / sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 be synonymous with sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
迁移写作
围绕“权力、地位与公共形象”,选择一个与你的工作、学习或社会观察有关的具体问题,写一段 80—120 词的英文。至少自然地使用本课两个表达。
写完后检查:
- 表达的含义是否准确;
- 搭配和语法是否完整;
- 正式程度是否符合语境;
- 句子之间是否形成清楚的逻辑关系。
单元复盘
这是“权力、地位与公共形象”单元的最后一课。不要重新通读笔记,先完成主动回忆:
- 写出本单元你最想保留的 5 个表达;
- 每个表达写一个与自己有关的句子;
- 选择其中 3 个,写一段 120—150 词的短文;
- 检查语义、搭配、语气和段落逻辑。
结束本课
回到页面顶部标记“完成初学”。之后按照第 1、3、7、21 天的节奏复习。复习时优先回忆和重写,不要先重读讲解。

