123｜冲突、批评与责任判断（2/2）
人物、职业与影响力 · 冲突、批评与责任判断 · 2 个表达
本课先理解语境，再完成主动回忆和仿写。标准学习时间约 15 分钟；忙碌时只做“一眼掌握”和本课小练习。
进度只保存在当前浏览器。复习时先回忆和重写，再展开讲解。
开始前，用 90 秒主动回忆
不要翻看上一课：写出上节课的一个表达，并尝试造句。想不起来也没关系，先检索记忆，再开始新内容。
1. come under fire
一眼掌握
核心含义： 受到猛烈批评；遭到抨击；受到舆论炮轰；成为批评对象
English definition： to be strongly criticized
这个短语原义和战场上的“遭受火力攻击”有关，引申为某人、机构、政策或言论受到强烈批评。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： The minister was strongly criticized for his decision.
- 升级表达： The minister came under fire for his decision.
语境例句
Public figures often come under fire not only for what they do, but for the gap between what they claim to value and how they behave when those values become inconvenient.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 come under fire，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语原义和战场上的“遭受火力攻击”有关，引申为某人、机构、政策或言论受到强烈批评。
它的核心不是普通的 be criticized，而是：
- 批评力度较强
- 往往来自公众、媒体、反对者或监管者
- 常出现在争议、丑闻、政策失败之后
- 有明显新闻报道感
常见搭配：
- come under fire for sth.
- come under fire from critics
- come under fire over a decision
- come under heavy fire 进一步看，这个表达非常有新闻报道感，常用于公众人物、企业、政府或机构因某个决定、言论或失误受到强烈批评。它比 face criticism 更强，带有“被集中攻击”的画面感。
它和 come under scrutiny 的区别是：come under scrutiny 强调被审视、被调查，come under fire 强调被批评、被抨击。
语境复现
基础句：
- The minister came under fire.
提升句：
- The company came under fire for its handling of customer data.
应用句：
- Public figures often come under fire not only for what they do, but for the gap between what they claim to value and how they behave when those values become inconvenient.
对应译文
- 这位部长受到了猛烈批评。
- 这家公司因处理客户数据的方式受到抨击。
- 公众人物遭到批评，往往不只是因为他们做了什么，也因为他们宣称重视的价值，与这些价值变得不方便时他们的真实行为之间存在落差。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- come under fire
- come under fire for sth.
- come under fire from sb.
- come under fire over sth.
- come under heavy fire
例如：
- The mayor came under fire for his remarks.
- The policy came under fire from opposition parties.
- The company came under heavy fire over safety failures.
- The celebrity came under fire after the interview.
易错提醒
come under fire 是被批评，不是主动批评别人。
正确结构：
- √ come under fire for the decision
- √ come under fire from critics
- √ come under heavy fire
- × come under the fire
近义表达与区别
- face criticism
- attract criticism
- be attacked by critics
- draw criticism
- be under scrutiny
更多仿写练习
请用 come under fire 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 这位部长因处理危机不当受到批评
- 公司因数据泄露遭到舆论炮轰
- 这位演员采访后因言论不当受到批评
查看参考答案
1. 这位部长因处理危机不当受到批评
- The minister came under fire for his handling of the crisis.
- He came under heavy fire after the government’s poor response to the crisis.
2. 公司因数据泄露遭到舆论炮轰
- The company came under fire after the data leak.
- The firm came under heavy fire for failing to protect user data.
3. 这位演员采访后因言论不当受到批评
- The actor came under fire after the interview.
- She came under fire for comments she made during the interview.
2. go so far as to do sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义： 竟然做某事；甚至做到某种程度；极端到……；大胆到……；做出令人惊讶的举动或说法
English definition： to do or say something extreme, surprising, or unexpected
这个句型用来表示某人做了、说了或主张了一件比较极端、出人意料、超出常规范围的事情。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： Some critics even called the decision irresponsible.
- 升级表达： Some critics went so far as to call the decision irresponsible.
语境例句
When people feel ignored for long enough, they may go so far as to support ideas they once considered extreme, not because those ideas suddenly become perfect, but because moderate options no longer seem capable of changing anything.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 go so far as to do sth.，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个句型用来表示某人做了、说了或主张了一件比较极端、出人意料、超出常规范围的事情。
它的核心不是普通的 do sth.，而是：
- 做法比较极端
- 说法有些大胆
- 超出了通常预期
- 带有“竟然、甚至”的语气
- 常用于评论某人的态度、立场、热情或激进行为
在人物类话题中，它特别适合写：
- someone going so far as to quit their job
- critics going so far as to call him dishonest
- fans going so far as to camp outside the stadium
- politicians going so far as to propose radical reforms
- enthusiasts going so far as to build their own machines
- parents going so far as to control every detail of a child’s life
比如：
- Some fans went so far as to sleep outside the stadium.
- He went so far as to accuse his colleagues of betrayal.
- Some critics have gone so far as to call the policy dangerous.
它比 even do sth. 更正式，也更有评论感。这个表达常用于外刊评论中，用来指出某种行为、观点或反应已经走到了一个“超出寻常”的程度。
语境复现
基础句：
- He went so far as to quit his job.
提升句：
- Some critics went so far as to accuse the leader of betraying his own principles.
应用句：
- When people feel ignored for long enough, they may go so far as to support ideas they once considered extreme, not because those ideas suddenly become perfect, but because moderate options no longer seem capable of changing anything.
对应译文
- 他甚至辞掉了工作。
- 一些批评者甚至指责这位领导人背叛了自己的原则。
- 当人们长期感到被忽视时，他们甚至可能会转而支持自己曾经认为极端的观点；这并不是因为那些观点突然变得完美，而是因为温和方案看起来已经无法改变任何东西。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- go so far as to do sth.
- go so far as to say / suggest / argue / claim that …
- some people have gone so far as to do sth.
- would go so far as to do sth.
- not go so far as to do sth.
例如：
- He went so far as to resign.
- Some experts have gone so far as to call it a crisis.
- I would not go so far as to say he failed.
- Critics went so far as to accuse the company of dishonesty.
- Some supporters went so far as to defend his worst decisions.
常见形式：
- go so far as to say that …
- go so far as to suggest that …
- go so far as to claim that …
- go so far as to accuse sb. of sth.
- go so far as to call sb. / sth. + 名词 / 形容词
- not go so far as to say …
常见搭配动作：
- say
- suggest
- argue
- claim
- call
- accuse
- defend
- propose
- demand
- resign
- quit
- risk
说明：
- go so far as to + 动词原形 是固定结构。
- 它常带“甚至、竟然”的语气，表示说法或行为超出寻常。
- 很常见的搭配是：
- go so far as to say that …
- 否定结构 not go so far as to say 很实用，表示“还不至于说……”：
- I would not go so far as to say he was wrong.
- 这个表达常用于评论人物观点、政治立场、社会反应和极端行为。
易错提醒
go so far as to do sth. 强调“程度之深、行为之极端”，不是普通“走得很远”。
后面要接 to do，不是直接接动词原形。
正确结构是：
- √ go so far as to suggest
- √ went so far as to resign
- √ have gone so far as to call it dangerous
- × go so far to suggest
如果是否定表达，常见：
- I would not go so far as to say that …
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- critics
- supporters
- politicians
- enthusiasts
- accusations
- radical proposals 连用。
近义表达与区别
- even do sth.
- go to the point of doing sth.
- take the extreme step of doing sth.
- be willing to go as far as doing sth.
- not go so far as to say …
细微区别：
- go so far as to do sth. 最适合书面和评论语境，强调“竟然做到某种程度”。
- even do sth. 最通用，但表达力度和正式感较弱。
- go to the point of doing sth. 强调“达到某种程度”，但不如原表达自然。
- take the extreme step of doing sth. 更明确表示“采取极端步骤”。
- be willing to go as far as doing sth. 更强调“愿意做到某种程度”。
- not go so far as to say … 是常用保留表达，表示“还不至于说……”。
更多仿写练习
请用 go so far as to do sth. 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 一些批评者甚至说他背叛了自己的原则
- 有些粉丝热情到在体育场外露营
- 我还不至于说这个计划失败了，但它确实需要调整
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- Some critics went …
- Some fans went …
- I would not go …
- The politician went …
查看参考答案
- 一些批评者甚至说他背叛了自己的原则
- Some critics went so far as to say that he had betrayed his own principles.
- His opponents went so far as to accuse him of betraying the movement.
- 有些粉丝热情到在体育场外露营
- Some fans went so far as to camp outside the stadium.
- The most devoted fans went so far as to sleep outside the venue for days.
- 我还不至于说这个计划失败了，但它确实需要调整
- I would not go so far as to say that the plan has failed, but it does need adjustment.
- I would not go so far as to call the project a failure, though it clearly needs to be revised.
本课小练习
先独立完成，不要立即查看参考答案。
- 使用 come under fire 写一个关于“科学与技术”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
- 使用 go so far as to do sth. 写一个关于“真实世界观察”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
小练习参考
- 开放答案。检查 come under fire 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 go so far as to do sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
迁移写作
围绕“冲突、批评与责任判断”，选择一个与你的工作、学习或社会观察有关的具体问题，写一段 80—120 词的英文。至少自然地使用本课两个表达。
写完后检查：
- 表达的含义是否准确；
- 搭配和语法是否完整；
- 正式程度是否符合语境；
- 句子之间是否形成清楚的逻辑关系。
单元复盘
这是“冲突、批评与责任判断”单元的最后一课。不要重新通读笔记，先完成主动回忆：
- 写出本单元你最想保留的 5 个表达；
- 每个表达写一个与自己有关的句子；
- 选择其中 3 个，写一段 120—150 词的短文；
- 检查语义、搭配、语气和段落逻辑。
结束本课
回到页面顶部标记“完成初学”。之后按照第 1、3、7、21 天的节奏复习。复习时优先回忆和重写，不要先重读讲解。