113｜性格、态度与人际判断（2/3）
人物、职业与影响力 · 性格、态度与人际判断 · 3 个表达
本课先理解语境，再完成主动回忆和仿写。标准学习时间约 15 分钟；忙碌时只做“一眼掌握”和本课小练习。
进度只保存在当前浏览器。复习时先回忆和重写，再展开讲解。
开始前，用 90 秒主动回忆
不要翻看上一课：写出上节课的一个表达，并尝试造句。想不起来也没关系，先检索记忆，再开始新内容。
1. turn up your nose at sth.
核心表达 · 写作迁移 · 可用于主题论述
一眼掌握
核心含义： 对……不屑一顾；看不上……；嫌弃……；因为觉得不够好而拒绝接受……
English definition： to refuse to take or accept something because you think it is not good enough
这个短语字面意思是“把鼻子翘起来”，画面感很强：一个人觉得某样东西低级、不配自己，所以带着轻视或嫌弃的态度拒绝它。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： Some consumers look down on local brands.
- 升级表达： Some consumers turn up their noses at local brands.
语境例句
In a status-conscious society, people often turn up their noses at work, places, or lifestyles that lack prestige, forgetting that dignity does not always arrive dressed in fashionable clothes or attached to impressive titles.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 turn up your nose at sth.，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语字面意思是“把鼻子翘起来”，画面感很强：一个人觉得某样东西低级、不配自己，所以带着轻视或嫌弃的态度拒绝它。
它的核心不是普通的 refuse，而是：
- 拒绝中带有轻蔑
- 觉得对方或某物不够好
- 有一种挑剔、傲慢或优越感
- 常暗示“其实未必真有资格嫌弃”
在人物类话题中，它特别适合写：
- someone turning up their nose at ordinary work
- consumers turning up their noses at local brands
- students turning up their noses at practical jobs
- rich people turning up their noses at simple lifestyles
- young professionals turning up their noses at small-town opportunities
比如：
- He turned up his nose at the offer.
- Some people turn up their noses at manual work.
- Wealthy consumers often turn up their noses at cheaper domestic brands.
它比 look down on sth. 更具体，因为它常常包含“拒绝接受”的动作；而 look down on 只是“看不起”，不一定真的拒绝。
语境复现
基础句：
- He turned up his nose at the job offer.
提升句：
- Some young graduates turn up their noses at practical jobs because they believe such work is beneath them.
应用句：
- In a status-conscious society, people often turn up their noses at work, places, or lifestyles that lack prestige, forgetting that dignity does not always arrive dressed in fashionable clothes or attached to impressive titles.
对应译文
- 他看不上这份工作机会。
- 有些年轻毕业生看不上实用型工作，因为他们觉得这种工作配不上自己。
- 在一个重视身份和体面的社会里，人们常常看不上那些缺乏声望的工作、地方或生活方式，却忘了尊严并不总是穿着时髦的衣服出现，也不总是挂在响亮的头衔上。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- turn up your nose at sth.
- turn up one’s nose at sth.
- turn up their noses at sth.
- not be in a position to turn up your nose at sth.
例如：
- She turned up her nose at the cheap hotel.
- He turned up his nose at the idea of working in a small town.
- Some consumers turn up their noses at domestic brands.
- I am not in a position to turn up my nose at extra income.
- They turned up their noses at food they considered too plain.
常见形式：
- turn up your nose at an offer
- turn up your nose at a job
- turn up your nose at local brands
- turn up your nose at manual work
- turn up your nose at cheap products
- turn up your nose at simple pleasures
常见主语：
- consumers
- students
- graduates
- wealthy people
- elites
- customers
- employers
- young professionals
- status-conscious people
常见宾语：
- job offer
- local brands
- cheap products
- manual work
- simple food
- small towns
- ordinary life
- practical opportunities
说明：
turn up your nose at sth. 强调“因为嫌弃而拒绝或看不上”。
主语是复数时，常写：
- turn up their noses at sth.
这个表达常带批评意味，暗示某人过于挑剔、势利或傲慢。
很常见的句型是：
- not be in a position to turn up your nose at sth. 意思是“没有资格嫌弃某事 / 还没到可以挑三拣四的地步”。
它既可用于人，也可用于消费者群体、社会阶层或市场偏好。
易错提醒
turn up your nose at sth. 不只是“拒绝”，而是“带着嫌弃或轻视地拒绝”。
它常带负面评价，适合写傲慢、势利或挑剔。
正确结构是：
- √ turn up his nose at the offer
- √ turn up their noses at domestic brands
- √ turn up your nose at simple work
- × turn your nose up to sth.
主语和物主代词要一致：
- he turns up his nose
- they turn up their noses
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- status
- prestige
- local brands
- ordinary work
- consumer taste
- social snobbery 连用。
近义表达与区别
- look down on sth.
- snub sth.
- reject sth. with contempt
- think sth. is beneath you
- be dismissive of sth.
细微区别：
- turn up your nose at sth. 最形象，强调“嫌弃地拒绝或看不上”。
- look down on sth. 更宽泛，强调“看不起”，不一定有拒绝动作。
- snub sth. 更强调“冷落、怠慢、不给面子”。
- reject sth. with contempt 更正式，语气更强。
- think sth. is beneath you 强调“觉得某事配不上自己的身份”。
- be dismissive of sth. 更书面，强调“不当回事、轻视”。
更多仿写练习
请用 turn up your nose at sth. 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 有些消费者看不上国产品牌
- 他没有资格嫌弃这份工作机会
- 一些人看不起体力劳动，却忘了社会正是靠这些劳动运转
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- Some consumers …
- He is not in a position to …
- Some people turn …
- It is unfair to …
查看参考答案
- 有些消费者看不上国产品牌
- Some consumers turn up their noses at domestic brands.
- Luxury buyers often turn up their noses at local products, even when the quality has improved.
- 他没有资格嫌弃这份工作机会
- He is not in a position to turn up his nose at this job offer.
- Given his current situation, he can hardly turn up his nose at a stable income.
- 一些人看不起体力劳动，却忘了社会正是靠这些劳动运转
- Some people turn up their noses at manual work, forgetting that society depends on it.
- It is unfair to turn up your nose at physical labour when so much of daily life relies on it.
2. off-the-wall
核心表达 · 写作迁移 · 可用于主题论述
一眼掌握
核心含义： 古怪的；离奇的；不同寻常的；脑洞很大的；常带有滑稽、出人意料或特立独行的意味
English definition： very strange or unusual, often in an amusing way
off-the-wall 用来形容一个人的想法、幽默感、表演、风格、建议或行为非常不寻常，甚至有点古怪，但往往不是纯粹负面的古怪，而是带有一种有趣、荒诞、出人意料的味道。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： She has a very unusual sense of humour.
- 升级表达： She has an off-the-wall sense of humour.
语境例句
In creative fields, off-the-wall personalities are not always easy to work with, but they can break stale patterns of thinking and remind others that originality often begins where conventional taste feels uncomfortable.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 off-the-wall，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
off-the-wall 用来形容一个人的想法、幽默感、表演、风格、建议或行为非常不寻常，甚至有点古怪，但往往不是纯粹负面的古怪，而是带有一种有趣、荒诞、出人意料的味道。
它的核心不是普通的 strange，而是：
- 很不按常理出牌
- 有点怪，但可能很有趣
- 不走寻常路
- 带有喜剧感、实验感或创意感
- 让人觉得“这人脑回路不一般”
在人物类话题中，它特别适合写：
- an off-the-wall comedian
- an off-the-wall sense of humour
- an off-the-wall idea
- an off-the-wall performer
- an off-the-wall personality
- an off-the-wall approach to problems
比如：
- She has an off-the-wall sense of humour.
- His off-the-wall ideas often surprise the whole team.
- The comedian is famous for her off-the-wall performances.
它比 strange 更轻松，也比 weird 更有文艺和喜剧色彩。weird 有时会显得负面或让人不舒服，而 off-the-wall 更像“怪得有趣、怪得有创造力”。
语境复现
基础句：
- She has an off-the-wall sense of humour.
提升句：
- His off-the-wall ideas can seem absurd at first, but they often lead the team to think differently.
应用句：
- In creative fields, off-the-wall personalities are not always easy to work with, but they can break stale patterns of thinking and remind others that originality often begins where conventional taste feels uncomfortable.
对应译文
- 她有一种很不同寻常的幽默感。
- 他的想法一开始可能显得荒唐，但常常能让团队换一种方式思考。
- 在创意领域，脑洞很大、风格古怪的人未必总是容易共事，但他们能打破陈旧的思维模式，并提醒其他人：原创性往往正是从传统审美感到不适的地方开始的。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- off-the-wall + 名词
- an off-the-wall idea
- an off-the-wall sense of humour
- off-the-wall comedy
- off-the-wall remarks
- be off-the-wall
例如：
- That is an off-the-wall idea.
- He has an off-the-wall personality.
- The show was completely off-the-wall.
- Her off-the-wall humour made the audience laugh and feel confused at the same time.
- His proposal sounded off-the-wall, but it turned out to be useful.
常见形式：
- off-the-wall idea
- off-the-wall humour
- off-the-wall comedy
- off-the-wall performance
- off-the-wall personality
- off-the-wall suggestion
- off-the-wall approach
常见搭配对象：
- idea
- humour
- comedy
- show
- performance
- style
- personality
- suggestion
- approach
- remark
说明：
- off-the-wall 是形容词，通常放在名词前。
- 作表语也可以：
- His idea was completely off-the-wall.
- 作定语时通常带连字符：
- an off-the-wall idea
- 它常带轻松、幽默、创意色彩，不一定是贬义。
- 如果语境严肃，它也可以表示“不靠谱、太离奇”。
易错提醒
off-the-wall 常表示“古怪但有趣”，不一定是负面评价。
它比 strange 更有幽默和创意感。
正确结构是：
- √ an off-the-wall idea
- √ off-the-wall humour
- √ his suggestion was off-the-wall
- × an off wall idea
作名词前定语时，通常写成带连字符的 off-the-wall。
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- comedian
- performer
- artist
- sense of humour
- personality
- creative idea 连用。
近义表达与区别
- eccentric
- unconventional
- quirky
- bizarre
- outlandish
细微区别：
- off-the-wall 最有幽默和创意感，强调“古怪、出人意料，但常常有趣”。
- eccentric 更强调人的性格或行为古怪，常用于“怪人、怪才”。
- unconventional 更中性，强调“不按传统方式”。
- quirky 更轻松可爱，强调“小古怪、小特别”。
- bizarre 更强，常表示“怪异到令人难以理解”。
- outlandish 强调“离奇、夸张、超出常规”，语气更强。
更多仿写练习
请用 off-the-wall 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 她有一种很古怪但有趣的幽默感
- 他的建议听起来很离奇，但后来证明很有用
- 这个喜剧演员因非同寻常的表演风格而出名
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- She has …
- His suggestion sounded …
- The comedian is known for …
- At first, the idea seemed …
查看参考答案
- 她有一种很古怪但有趣的幽默感
- She has an off-the-wall sense of humour.
- Her off-the-wall humour makes people laugh before they fully understand the joke.
- 他的建议听起来很离奇，但后来证明很有用
- His suggestion sounded off-the-wall, but it later proved useful.
- At first, the idea seemed completely off-the-wall, but it helped solve the problem.
- 这个喜剧演员因非同寻常的表演风格而出名
- The comedian is known for her off-the-wall performances.
- His off-the-wall comedy leaves audiences amused, confused, and surprised.
3. reveal / show one’s true colours
核心表达 · 写作迁移 · 可用于主题论述
一眼掌握
核心含义： 露出真面目；暴露真实想法；显露本性；展现真实立场；让人看清其真实品格或意图
English definition： to show one’s true character, beliefs, intentions, or feelings, especially when they were previously hidden
这个短语用来表示一个人原本隐藏了自己的真实想法、性格、立场或意图，但在某个情境、压力、选择或冲突中，终于暴露出来。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： The crisis showed his real character.
- 升级表达： The crisis revealed his true colours.
语境例句
When the company faced criticism, the manager revealed his true colours by blaming his staff instead of taking responsibility.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 reveal / show one’s true colours，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语用来表示一个人原本隐藏了自己的真实想法、性格、立场或意图，但在某个情境、压力、选择或冲突中，终于暴露出来。
它的核心不是普通的 show character，而是：
- 真实一面原本不明显
- 后来因事件或选择被看见
- 常常带有“终于露馅了”的意味
- 多用于负面或批评语境
- 强调“表面形象”和“真实本性”之间的反差
在人物类话题中，它特别适合写：
- a politician showing his true colours
- a friend revealing her true colours in a crisis
- a leader showing his true colours under pressure
- a company executive revealing his true colours after gaining power
- someone’s true colours coming out during conflict
比如：
- He showed his true colours when he refused to help.
- The crisis revealed her true colours.
- People often reveal their true colours when money, power, or responsibility is at stake.
它比 show one’s real character 更地道，也更有戏剧性。这个表达常用于评价人物：一个人平时说得很好听，但关键时刻的选择才真正说明他是什么样的人。
语境复现
基础句：
- He showed his true colours during the crisis.
提升句：
- When the company faced criticism, the manager revealed his true colours by blaming his staff instead of taking responsibility.
应用句：
- It is often in moments of pressure, loss, or temptation that people show their true colours, because carefully managed images collapse when real interests, fear, and responsibility enter the room.
对应译文
- 他在危机中露出了真面目。
- 当公司面临批评时，这位经理没有承担责任，反而责怪下属，从而暴露了自己的真实品格。
- 人往往是在压力、损失或诱惑面前显露本性，因为当真正的利益、恐惧和责任登场时，那些精心经营的形象就会崩塌。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- show one’s true colours
- reveal one’s true colours
- see sb.’s true colours
- sb.’s true colours come out
- show sb. in their true colours
例如：
- He finally showed his true colours.
- The scandal revealed his true colours.
- We saw her true colours when things became difficult.
- His true colours came out after he was promoted.
- The crisis showed the leader in his true colours.
常见形式：
- show his / her / their true colours
- reveal one’s true colours
- finally show one’s true colours
- true colours come out
- see someone’s true colours
常见触发场景：
- crisis
- conflict
- promotion
- criticism
- money
- power
- election
- responsibility
- pressure
- moral choice
说明：
- colours 这里通常用复数，英式拼写是 colours，美式拼写是 colors。
- show 和 reveal 都可以，show one’s true colours 更常见。
- 它通常带负面意味，表示某人暴露了不太好的真实一面。
- 如果想强调“终于看清某人”，可以说：
- see sb.’s true colours
- 如果主语是真实本性本身，可以说：
- sb.’s true colours came out
易错提醒
show / reveal one’s true colours 多数时候带负面意味，不是普通“展示个性”。
它强调“隐藏的真实一面被暴露出来”。
正确结构是：
- √ show his true colours
- √ reveal her true colours
- √ their true colours came out
- × show his true colour
colours / colors 通常用复数。
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- crisis
- pressure
- power
- conflict
- responsibility
- betrayal 连用。
近义表达与区别
- show one’s real character
- reveal one’s true nature
- expose one’s real intentions
- show what one is really like
- the mask slips
细微区别：
- show / reveal one’s true colours 最地道，强调“露出真面目、暴露真实性格或立场”。
- show one’s real character 更直白，语气较中性。
- reveal one’s true nature 更正式，强调“显露本性”。
- expose one’s real intentions 更强调“暴露真实意图”。
- show what one is really like 最口语直白。
- the mask slips 更形象，强调“伪装一瞬间掉落”。
更多仿写练习
请用 reveal / show one’s true colours 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 他在危机中露出了真实面目
- 她升职后开始责怪别人，暴露了自己的本性
- 一个人在面对金钱和权力时，往往会显露真实品格
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- He showed …
- After her promotion, …
- People often reveal …
- The crisis finally …
查看参考答案
- 他在危机中露出了真实面目
- He showed his true colours during the crisis.
- The crisis finally revealed his true colours.
- 她升职后开始责怪别人，暴露了自己的本性
- After her promotion, she revealed her true colours by blaming others for every mistake.
- She showed her true colours when she gained power and started treating her colleagues with contempt.
- 一个人在面对金钱和权力时，往往会显露真实品格
- People often reveal their true colours when money and power are involved.
- A person’s true colours often come out when they are given power over others.
本课小练习
先独立完成，不要立即查看参考答案。
- 使用 turn up your nose at sth. 写一个关于“文化与社会”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
- 使用 off-the-wall 写一个关于“真实世界观察”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
- 使用 reveal / show one’s true colours 写一个关于“经济与就业”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
小练习参考
- 开放答案。检查 turn up your nose at sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 off-the-wall 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 reveal / show one’s true colours 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
迁移写作
围绕“性格、态度与人际判断”，选择一个与你的工作、学习或社会观察有关的具体问题，写一段 80—120 词的英文。至少自然地使用本课两个表达。
写完后检查：
- 表达的含义是否准确；
- 搭配和语法是否完整；
- 正式程度是否符合语境；
- 句子之间是否形成清楚的逻辑关系。
结束本课
回到页面顶部标记“完成初学”。之后按照第 1、3、7、21 天的节奏复习。复习时优先回忆和重写，不要先重读讲解。