110｜权力、影响与公众位置（2/3）
人物、职业与影响力 · 权力、影响与公众位置 · 3 个表达
本课先理解语境，再完成主动回忆和仿写。标准学习时间约 15 分钟；忙碌时只做“一眼掌握”和本课小练习。
进度只保存在当前浏览器。复习时先回忆和重写，再展开讲解。
开始前，用 90 秒主动回忆
不要翻看上一课：写出上节课的一个表达，并尝试造句。想不起来也没关系，先检索记忆，再开始新内容。
1. bring sb. / sth. to their knees
一眼掌握
核心含义： 摧毁……；击垮……；使……屈服；使……遭受严重打击；让某人或某组织陷入瘫痪状态
English definition： to destroy, defeat, or seriously weaken someone or something
这个短语字面意思是“让某人跪倒在地”，引申为某种力量、危机、打击或压力使一个人、国家、组织、公司或制度严重受挫，甚至接近崩溃。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： The crisis seriously weakened the company.
- 升级表达： The crisis brought the company to its knees.
语境例句
What finally brings a person to their knees is not always one dramatic blow, but the slow accumulation of debt, illness, shame, disappointment, and responsibilities that no one else can see.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 bring sb. / sth. to their knees，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语字面意思是“让某人跪倒在地”，引申为某种力量、危机、打击或压力使一个人、国家、组织、公司或制度严重受挫，甚至接近崩溃。
它的核心不是普通的 damage，而是：
- 打击非常严重
- 对方几乎无法正常运转
- 处于被击败、被压垮或被迫屈服的状态
- 有强烈的危机感和戏剧性
在人物类话题中，它可以用于个人命运，也可以用于由人物领导的组织、国家或事业：
- illness bringing someone to their knees
- scandal bringing a politician to his knees
- debt bringing a family to its knees
- war bringing a country to its knees
- crisis bringing a company to its knees
- pressure bringing a leader to his knees
比如：
- The scandal brought the minister to his knees.
- Years of debt brought the family to its knees.
- The crisis brought the company to its knees within months.
它比 defeat 或 damage 更强烈，更适合写重大打击、崩溃边缘、人生低谷或组织危机。
语境复现
基础句：
- The scandal brought him to his knees.
提升句：
- Years of pressure and public criticism eventually brought the once-powerful leader to his knees.
应用句：
- What finally brings a person to their knees is not always one dramatic blow, but the slow accumulation of debt, illness, shame, disappointment, and responsibilities that no one else can see.
对应译文
- 这桩丑闻把他击垮了。
- 多年的压力和公众批评最终击垮了这位曾经强势的领导者。
- 真正把一个人压垮的，未必总是某一次戏剧性的打击，而可能是债务、疾病、羞耻、失望和那些旁人看不见的责任一点点累积起来的重量。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- bring sb. to their knees
- bring sth. to its knees
- be brought to one’s knees
- bring a country / company / economy to its knees
- bring a person / leader / rival to his / her knees
例如：
- The illness brought him to his knees.
- The scandal brought the politician to his knees.
- The recession brought the company to its knees.
- The country was brought to its knees by war.
- The economy was nearly brought to its knees by the crisis.
常见形式：
- bring him to his knees
- bring her to her knees
- bring them to their knees
- bring the company to its knees
- bring the economy to its knees
- be brought to one’s knees by sth.
常见主语：
- crisis
- war
- scandal
- illness
- debt
- recession
- pressure
- disaster
- competition
- corruption
- public outrage
常见宾语：
- person
- leader
- politician
- family
- company
- country
- government
- economy
- institution
- industry
说明：
- 用于人时，物主代词要和宾语一致：
- bring him to his knees
- bring her to her knees
- bring them to their knees
- 用于公司、国家、经济等单数事物时，常用：
- bring sth. to its knees
- 被动结构很常见：
- be brought to one’s knees by sth.
- 这个表达语气很强，适合严重危机，不适合轻微困难。
- 它可以表示真正“击败”，也可以表示“严重削弱到几乎无法运转”。
易错提醒
bring sb. / sth. to their knees 语气很强，表示严重击垮或摧毁，不是普通困难。
用于非人事物时，常用 its knees：
- bring the company to its knees
正确结构是：
- √ bring him to his knees
- √ bring the country to its knees
- √ be brought to their knees
- × bring him on his knees
不要把它简单理解成“跪下”，多数时候是比喻用法。
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- scandal
- illness
- pressure
- debt
- crisis
- downfall 连用。
近义表达与区别
- cripple sb. / sth.
- destroy sb. / sth.
- bring sb. / sth. down
- defeat sb. / sth.
- leave sb. / sth. reeling
细微区别：
- bring sb. / sth. to their knees 最有画面感，强调“严重击垮，使其几乎无法支撑”。
- cripple sb. / sth. 强调“使其功能严重受损、难以运转”。
- destroy sb. / sth. 最强，表示“摧毁”。
- bring sb. / sth. down 常用于让人物、政府或组织倒台。
- defeat sb. / sth. 更普通，强调“击败”。
- leave sb. / sth. reeling 强调“让某人或某组织遭受打击后晕头转向、难以恢复”。
更多仿写练习
请用 bring sb. / sth. to their knees 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 这场丑闻几乎击垮了这位政治家
- 长期债务让这个家庭陷入崩溃边缘
- 一场严重危机使这家公司几乎无法运转
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- The scandal nearly …
- Years of debt …
- The crisis brought …
- The company was …
查看参考答案
- 这场丑闻几乎击垮了这位政治家
- The scandal nearly brought the politician to his knees.
- The corruption scandal brought the once-powerful minister to his knees.
- 长期债务让这个家庭陷入崩溃边缘
- Years of debt brought the family to its knees.
- The family was brought to its knees by years of unpaid bills and rising costs.
- 一场严重危机使这家公司几乎无法运转
- The crisis brought the company to its knees.
- The company was brought to its knees by a sudden collapse in demand.
2. stand in sb.’s way
一眼掌握
核心含义： 阻碍某人；妨碍某人；挡某人的路；阻止某人做某事；成为某人实现目标的障碍
English definition： to prevent someone from doing something
这个短语字面意思是“站在某人的路上”，引申为某人、某种制度、规则、困难或顾虑阻止一个人做想做的事。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： Fear prevented him from pursuing his dream.
- 升级表达： Fear stood in the way of his dream.
语境例句
His parents did not fully understand his dream, but they chose not to stand in his way.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 stand in sb.’s way，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语字面意思是“站在某人的路上”，引申为某人、某种制度、规则、困难或顾虑阻止一个人做想做的事。
它的核心不是普通的 stop sb.，而是：
- 有目标或行动方向
- 中间出现阻碍
- 这个阻碍可能来自别人、制度、环境，也可能来自自己
- 带有“别挡路 / 不要拦着我”的画面感
在人物类话题中，它特别适合写：
- parents standing in a child’s way
- fear standing in someone’s way
- poverty standing in someone’s way
- bureaucracy standing in the way of young talent
- a leader refusing to stand in someone’s way
- nothing standing in the way of someone’s ambition
比如：
- I won’t stand in your way.
- Fear often stands in the way of personal growth.
- No one should stand in the way of a young person’s education.
它比 prevent sb. from doing sth. 更形象，也更适合写人物选择、家庭关系、职场发展、个人成长和自由意志。
语境复现
基础句：
- I won’t stand in your way.
提升句：
- His parents did not fully understand his dream, but they chose not to stand in his way.
应用句：
- Sometimes the most generous thing one person can do for another is not to give advice, money, or protection, but simply to stop standing in their way and allow them to discover what kind of life they are capable of building.
对应译文
- 我不会阻拦你。
- 他的父母并不完全理解他的梦想，但他们选择不去阻碍他。
- 有时候，一个人能为另一个人做的最慷慨的事，不是给建议、给钱或提供保护，而是停止挡在他的路上，让他自己去发现能够建造怎样的人生。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- stand in sb.’s way
- stand in the way of sb. / sth.
- stand in the way of doing sth.
- not stand in sb.’s way
- nothing can stand in sb.’s way
例如：
- I won’t stand in your way.
- Fear stood in his way for years.
- Poverty stood in the way of her education.
- Nothing could stand in the way of his ambition.
- Bureaucracy often stands in the way of innovation.
- We should not stand in the way of young people pursuing their dreams.
常见形式：
- stand in my / your / his / her / their way
- stand in the way of progress
- stand in the way of reform
- stand in the way of success
- stand in the way of one’s dream
- stand in the way of doing sth.
常见主语：
人物：
- parents
- teacher
- boss
- government
- society
- critics
- rivals
抽象事物：
- fear
- pride
- poverty
- prejudice
- bureaucracy
- tradition
- self-doubt
- lack of money
- lack of confidence
说明：
- stand in sb.’s way 强调“挡住某人的路”。
- 如果后面接名词或动名词，常用：
- stand in the way of sth.
- stand in the way of doing sth.
- I won’t stand in your way 是很常用的表达，意思是“我不会阻拦你”。
- 主语可以是人，也可以是抽象障碍。
- 这个表达既可用于现实阻碍，也可用于心理障碍。
易错提醒
stand in sb.’s way 强调“阻碍某人行动或发展”，不是字面站在路上。
如果后面接事情，常用 stand in the way of sth.：
- stand in the way of progress
正确结构是：
- √ stand in your way
- √ stand in the way of reform
- √ stand in the way of achieving success
- × stand on your way
way 前常有物主代词：
- my / your / his / her / their way
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- dream
- ambition
- education
- career
- fear
- parents
- bureaucracy 连用。
近义表达与区别
- prevent sb. from doing sth.
- get in sb.’s way
- hold sb. back
- hinder sb.
- block sb.’s path
细微区别：
- stand in sb.’s way 最形象，强调“挡住某人前进的路”。
- prevent sb. from doing sth. 最直接，强调“阻止某人做某事”。
- get in sb.’s way 更口语，表示“妨碍、碍事”。
- hold sb. back 更强调“拖住某人、限制发展”。
- hinder sb. 更正式，表示“妨碍、阻碍”。
- block sb.’s path 更形象，强调“挡住道路或发展路径”。
更多仿写练习
请用 stand in sb.’s way 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 如果你想去国外工作，我不会阻拦你
- 恐惧常常阻碍一个人追求真正想要的生活
- 贫困不应该成为孩子接受教育的障碍
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- I won’t stand …
- Fear often stands …
- Poverty should not …
- Nothing could stand …
查看参考答案
- 如果你想去国外工作，我不会阻拦你
- I won’t stand in your way if you want to work abroad.
- If you want to apply for a job overseas, I will not stand in your way.
- 恐惧常常阻碍一个人追求真正想要的生活
- Fear often stands in the way of the life a person truly wants.
- Self-doubt can stand in the way of people pursuing their real ambitions.
- 贫困不应该成为孩子接受教育的障碍
- Poverty should not stand in the way of a child’s education.
- No child should have poverty standing in the way of learning.
3. be waiting in the wings
一眼掌握
核心含义： 蓄势待发；伺机而动；在一旁等待机会；随时准备接替、登场或采取行动
English definition： to be ready to do something if it is necessary or when the opportunity comes
这个短语来自戏剧舞台。wings 指舞台两侧演员候场的地方。演员还没正式登台，但已经站在旁边，等着轮到自己出场。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达： Several young managers are ready to replace him.
- 升级表达： Several young managers are waiting in the wings to replace him.
语境例句
As the old chairman loses support, a younger generation of managers is waiting in the wings.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文，只看中文，尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 be waiting in the wings，把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题，再口头说一句。
深入理解：用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个短语来自戏剧舞台。wings 指舞台两侧演员候场的地方。演员还没正式登台，但已经站在旁边，等着轮到自己出场。
所以 be waiting in the wings 引申为：
某人或某物已经准备好了，只等时机成熟就会登场。
它的核心不是普通的 wait，而是：
- 已经做好准备
- 暂时还没正式出场
- 等待机会或必要时刻
- 可能接替别人、挑战现有格局或发挥作用
- 常带“候补者、接班人、潜在竞争者”的意味
在人物类话题中，它特别适合写：
- a successor waiting in the wings
- young politicians waiting in the wings
- talented employees waiting in the wings
- rivals waiting in the wings
- companies waiting in the wings to take over
- new leaders waiting in the wings
比如：
- Several young leaders are waiting in the wings.
- If the CEO resigns, there are already candidates waiting in the wings.
- While the old star struggles, a new generation is waiting in the wings.
它比 be ready 更有画面感，也更适合写人物接班、权力更替、竞争格局和时代交替。
语境复现
基础句：
- Several candidates are waiting in the wings.
提升句：
- As the old chairman loses support, a younger generation of managers is waiting in the wings.
应用句：
- In every organization, while the public watches the person at the centre of the stage, others are waiting in the wings, learning the lines, studying the audience, and preparing for the moment when power changes hands.
对应译文
- 几位候选人正在一旁等待机会。
- 随着老主席失去支持，年轻一代管理者正蓄势待发。
- 在每个组织里，当公众盯着舞台中央那个人时，总有人站在侧幕旁，熟悉台词、观察观众，并为权力交接的那一刻做准备。
语法与搭配
常见结构：
- be waiting in the wings
- wait in the wings
- be waiting in the wings to do sth.
- have sb. waiting in the wings
- with sb. waiting in the wings
例如：
- A successor is waiting in the wings.
- Several rivals are waiting in the wings.
- Young politicians are waiting in the wings to replace him.
- The company has several managers waiting in the wings.
- With new technologies waiting in the wings, the old model may soon come under pressure.
常见形式：
- a successor waiting in the wings
- rivals waiting in the wings
- young talent waiting in the wings
- companies waiting in the wings
- technologies waiting in the wings
- waiting in the wings to take over / replace / challenge sb.
常见主语：
人物：
- successor
- candidate
- rival
- deputy
- young leader
- talented employee
- ambitious politician
- next generation
事物：
- technology
- company
- brand
- alternative plan
- new model
- emerging market force
说明：
- wings 在这里不是“翅膀”，而是“舞台侧幕、演员候场区”。
- 固定表达是 in the wings，不是 on the wings。
- 常见搭配：
- waiting in the wings to take over
- waiting in the wings to replace sb.
- waiting in the wings to challenge sth.
- 它既可用于人，也可用于公司、技术、方案、趋势等。
- 这个表达常用于接班、竞争、替代、技术更替和权力转换语境。
易错提醒
be waiting in the wings 不是普通“等待”，而是“已经准备好，只等机会登场”。
wings 在这里指舞台侧幕，不是“翅膀”。
正确结构是：
- √ waiting in the wings
- √ waiting in the wings to take over
- √ rivals waiting in the wings
- × waiting on the wings
它常带“潜在替代者 / 接班人 / 挑战者”的意味。
在人物类写作里，它特别适合和：
- successor
- rival
- candidate
- young leader
- next generation
- take over 连用。
近义表达与区别
- be ready to take over
- be waiting for an opportunity
- be poised to do sth.
- stand by
- be next in line
细微区别：
- be waiting in the wings 最有画面感，强调“已准备好，只等时机登场”。
- be ready to take over 更直白，强调“准备接管”。
- be waiting for an opportunity 更普通，强调“等待机会”。
- be poised to do sth. 更正式，强调“蓄势待发、即将行动”。
- stand by 强调“待命”，不一定有接替或竞争意味。
- be next in line 强调“排在下一位”，常用于继承、职位接替或顺位关系。
更多仿写练习
请用 be waiting in the wings 写一句话，描述以下内容：
- 如果首席执行官离职，已经有几位候选人在等待接班
- 年轻一代政治人物正在等待机会取代旧领导层
- 当传统品牌走弱时，新兴竞争者已经蓄势待发
仿写提示：可参考以下开头
- If the CEO leaves, …
- A younger generation of politicians …
- As traditional brands weaken, …
- Several rivals are …
查看参考答案
- 如果首席执行官离职，已经有几位候选人在等待接班
- If the CEO leaves, several candidates are already waiting in the wings.
- There are several senior managers waiting in the wings to take over if the CEO resigns.
- 年轻一代政治人物正在等待机会取代旧领导层
- A younger generation of politicians is waiting in the wings.
- Young reformers are waiting in the wings to replace the old leadership.
- 当传统品牌走弱时，新兴竞争者已经蓄势待发
- As traditional brands weaken, new competitors are waiting in the wings.
- Several emerging companies are waiting in the wings to challenge the old market leaders.
本课小练习
先独立完成，不要立即查看参考答案。
- 使用 bring sb. / sth. to their knees 写一个关于“真实世界观察”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
- 使用 stand in sb.’s way 写一个关于“城市与住房”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
- 使用 be waiting in the wings 写一个关于“科学与技术”的句子；随后换到另一个主题，再写一句。
小练习参考
- 开放答案。检查 bring sb. / sth. to their knees 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 stand in sb.’s way 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 be waiting in the wings 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然，并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
迁移写作
围绕“权力、影响与公众位置”，选择一个与你的工作、学习或社会观察有关的具体问题，写一段 80—120 词的英文。至少自然地使用本课两个表达。
写完后检查：
- 表达的含义是否准确；
- 搭配和语法是否完整；
- 正式程度是否符合语境；
- 句子之间是否形成清楚的逻辑关系。
结束本课
回到页面顶部标记“完成初学”。之后按照第 1、3、7、21 天的节奏复习。复习时优先回忆和重写，不要先重读讲解。