088|压力、限制与应对(3/4)
公共生活与社会运行 · 压力、限制与应对 · 3 个表达
本课先理解语境,再完成主动回忆和仿写。标准学习时间约 15 分钟;忙碌时只做“一眼掌握”和本课小练习。
进度只保存在当前浏览器。复习时先回忆和重写,再展开讲解。
开始前,用 90 秒主动回忆
不要翻看上一课:写出上节课的一个表达,并尝试造句。想不起来也没关系,先检索记忆,再开始新内容。
1. err on the side of caution
一眼掌握
核心含义: 宁可过于谨慎;出于稳妥起见;为了避免风险而选择更保守的做法;谨慎为上
English definition: to be especially careful rather than taking a risk or making a mistake
这个表达用来表示,在面临不确定性的时候,某人、机构或社会群体宁愿保守一点、谨慎一点,也不愿意冒险犯错。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: In uncertain times, many people choose the safer option.
- 升级表达: In uncertain times, many people err on the side of caution.
语境例句
In times of economic uncertainty, many households err on the side of caution and reduce unnecessary spending.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 err on the side of caution,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个表达用来表示,在面临不确定性的时候,某人、机构或社会群体宁愿保守一点、谨慎一点,也不愿意冒险犯错。
它的核心不是“胆小”,而是:
- 信息不够确定
- 风险可能很大
- 与其激进,不如保守
- 与其出错,不如多防一步
在社会文化类话题中,它特别适合写:
- governments erring on the side of caution
- parents erring on the side of caution
- institutions erring on the side of caution in public health
- consumers erring on the side of caution when trust is low
- societies erring on the side of caution in times of uncertainty
比如:
- In matters of public safety, it is often wise to err on the side of caution.
- Many families err on the side of caution when making financial decisions in unstable times.
- When trust in technology is weak, users may err on the side of caution and avoid sharing data.
它比普通的 be careful 更成熟,也更有“在两种选择中主动偏向更稳妥一边”的意思。
语境复现
基础句:
- We decided to err on the side of caution.
提升句:
- In times of economic uncertainty, many households err on the side of caution and reduce unnecessary spending.
应用句:
- In modern society, where decisions often have wide and unpredictable consequences, institutions are sometimes right to err on the side of caution, because public trust is easier to lose through recklessness than to damage through restraint.
对应译文
- 我们决定为了稳妥起见,还是谨慎一些。
- 在经济前景不明朗的时候,许多家庭都会选择更保守的做法,减少不必要的开支。
- 在现代社会中,很多决定的后果既广泛又难以预料,因此制度有时选择“宁可谨慎一点”是对的,因为公众信任因鲁莽而失去,往往比因克制而受损更容易发生。
语法与搭配
这个短语通常用于以下结构:
- err on the side of caution
- be better to err on the side of caution
- choose to err on the side of caution
例如:
- We erred on the side of caution.
- It is wise to err on the side of caution.
- Officials decided to err on the side of caution.
- In uncertain situations, people often err on the side of caution.
常见形式:
- err on the side of caution
- erring on the side of caution
- better to err on the side of caution
- choose / decide to err on the side of caution
常见搭配对象:
- governments
- officials
- doctors
- parents
- institutions
- consumers
- investors
- households
说明:
err 在这里不是“严重犯错”的意思,而是“偏向某一边”。
整个表达的意思是:就算偏了,也偏向谨慎这一边。
它常用于:
- uncertainty
- risk
- public safety
- health
- finance
- technology 等语境。
这是一个比较正式但非常自然的表达,适合评论和分析写作。
易错提醒
err on the side of caution 不是简单说“很小心”,而是强调“在有风险时,主动选择更谨慎的一边”。
err 在这里不是“犯大错”的意思,不要按常见字面误解。
正确结构是:
- √ err on the side of caution
- √ choose to err on the side of caution
- × err in the side of caution
这个表达通常带理性、克制、稳妥的意味,而不是情绪性的害怕。
在社会文化写作里,它特别适合和:
- public policy
- consumer trust
- health
- finance
- technology adoption 连用。
近义表达与区别
- play it safe
- take the safer option
- be on the safe side
细微区别:
- err on the side of caution 最正式,也最有“在两边中偏向谨慎一边”的意味。
- play it safe 更口语,强调“不冒险”。
- take the safer option 更直白,强调“选择更安全的方案”。
- be on the safe side 常用于日常表达,强调“为了保险起见”。
更多仿写练习
请用 err on the side of caution 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 在风险不明确的时候,很多人会选择更保守的做法
- 面对公共安全问题,政府通常宁可谨慎一点
- 当人们不确定数据是否安全时,往往会更小心地使用技术
仿写提示:可参考以下开头
- In uncertain situations, …
- Governments often …
- When people are unsure whether …
- Many consumers …
查看参考答案
1. 在风险不明确的时候,很多人会选择更保守的做法
- In uncertain situations, many people err on the side of caution.
- When the risks are unclear, people often prefer to err on the side of caution.
2. 面对公共安全问题,政府通常宁可谨慎一点
- Governments often err on the side of caution when public safety is involved.
- In matters of health and security, officials tend to err on the side of caution.
3. 当人们不确定数据是否安全时,往往会更小心地使用技术
- When people are unsure whether their data is safe, they tend to err on the side of caution.
- Many users err on the side of caution if they do not fully trust a digital platform.
2. come at the expense of sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 以牺牲……为代价;靠损害……换来;伴随着对……的损耗
English definition: to involve losing or harming something in order to gain something else
这个表达很适合写“得与失”的社会分析。它强调某种进步、效率、增长或好处,不是无代价的,而是牺牲了另一样东西。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: Urban growth often harms local culture.
- 升级表达: Urban growth often comes at the expense of local culture.
语境例句
In many cities, redevelopment comes at the expense of local character and affordable housing.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 come at the expense of sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个表达很适合写“得与失”的社会分析。它强调某种进步、效率、增长或好处,不是无代价的,而是牺牲了另一样东西。
它特别适合写:
- growth at the expense of the environment
- efficiency at the expense of human connection
- redevelopment at the expense of local culture
语境复现
基础句:
- Economic growth should not come at the expense of the environment.
提升句:
- In many cities, redevelopment comes at the expense of local character and affordable housing.
应用句:
- One of the central tensions of modern life is that convenience often comes at the expense of depth: communication becomes faster, access becomes easier, and yet time, attention, and human presence are quietly worn away.
对应译文
- 经济增长不应以牺牲环境为代价。
- 在许多城市里,更新开发往往以地方特色和可负担住房的消失为代价。
- 现代生活的一个核心张力在于:便利往往是以深度为代价的。沟通变得更快,获取变得更容易,但时间、注意力和人的在场感却在悄悄被磨损。
语法与搭配
常见结构:
- come at the expense of sth.
- not come at the expense of sth.
例如:
- Progress should not come at the expense of justice.
- Efficiency often comes at the expense of care.
- Growth came at the expense of stability.
易错提醒
这个表达强调交换关系,不是单纯“同时出现问题”,而是“得到某物时损失了另一物”。
近义表达与区别
- sacrifice sth. for sth.
- take a toll on sth.
- involve trade-offs
细微区别:
- come at the expense of sth. 最强调“某种收益是拿另一种价值换来的”。
- sacrifice sth. for sth. 更直接。
- take a toll on sth. 更强调“造成损耗”。
- involve trade-offs 更理性、更分析化。
更多仿写练习
请用 come at the expense of sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 城市发展不能以公共空间为代价
- 效率有时会损害人与人之间的联系
- 表面的繁荣可能是以环境损耗为代价的
仿写提示:可参考以下开头
- Urban growth should not …
- Efficiency may …
- Surface prosperity often …
查看参考答案
1. 城市发展不能以公共空间为代价
- Urban growth should not come at the expense of public space.
- Development must not come at the expense of community life.
2. 效率有时会损害人与人之间的联系
- Efficiency may come at the expense of human connection.
- Speed often comes at the expense of attention and care.
3. 表面的繁荣可能是以环境损耗为代价的
- Surface prosperity often comes at the expense of the environment.
- Rapid economic success may come at the expense of ecological balance.
3. leave little room for sth.
一眼掌握
核心含义: 几乎不给……留下空间;使……缺乏余地;让……很难存在或展开
English definition: to allow almost no opportunity or space for something
这个表达特别适合写社会压力、制度安排、快节奏生活等如何压缩某种更柔软、更慢、更复杂的东西。
普通表达 → 地道升级
- 普通表达: Fast-paced life does not give much space for reflection.
- 升级表达: Fast-paced life leaves little room for reflection.
语境例句
In a culture shaped by speed, visibility, and constant competition, daily life can leave little room for slowness, ambiguity, or emotional honesty, even though these are often the very things people need most.
主动回忆 · 先遮住英文,只看中文,尝试补出目标表达。
迁移输出 · 保留 leave little room for sth.,把主语换成你熟悉的工作、生活或社会议题,再口头说一句。
深入理解:用法、语法与易错点
用法说明
这个表达特别适合写社会压力、制度安排、快节奏生活等如何压缩某种更柔软、更慢、更复杂的东西。
它特别适合写:
- work culture leaving little room for rest
- social media leaving little room for nuance
- high living costs leaving little room for savings
语境复现
基础句:
- The schedule leaves little room for rest.
提升句:
- Fast-paced urban life often leaves little room for reflection or quiet conversation.
应用句:
- In a culture shaped by speed, visibility, and constant competition, daily life can leave little room for slowness, ambiguity, or emotional honesty, even though these are often the very things people need most.
对应译文
- 这个时间安排几乎不给休息留下空间。
- 快节奏的城市生活,往往让反思和安静谈话几乎没有余地。
- 在一种由速度、可见度和持续竞争塑造的文化中,日常生活常常不给缓慢、模糊性和情感真实留下空间,尽管这些恰恰是人们最需要的东西。
语法与搭配
常见结构:
- leave little room for sth.
- leave no room for sth.
例如:
- This policy leaves little room for flexibility.
- The system leaves no room for error.
- Urban routines leave little room for spontaneity.
易错提醒
它强调的是“余地很小”,常用于抽象名词,如 rest, reflection, nuance, flexibility,不太适合特别具体的物体。
近义表达与区别
- allow little space for
- crowd out sth.
- leave no time for
细微区别:
- leave little room for sth. 最自然,强调“余地不足”。
- allow little space for 更直白。
- crowd out sth. 更强调“把某物挤掉”。
- leave no time for 更偏时间层面。
更多仿写练习
请用 leave little room for sth. 写一句话,描述以下内容:
- 高强度工作几乎不给休息留下空间
- 社交媒体不太容得下复杂细腻的表达
- 生活成本太高,使得普通人几乎存不下钱
仿写提示:可参考以下开头
- High-pressure work …
- Social media often …
- Rising living costs …
查看参考答案
1. 高强度工作几乎不给休息留下空间
- High-pressure work leaves little room for rest.
- Long working hours leave little room for a balanced life.
2. 社交媒体不太容得下复杂细腻的表达
- Social media often leaves little room for nuance.
- Online discussion can leave little room for complexity or patience.
3. 生活成本太高,使得普通人几乎存不下钱
- Rising living costs leave little room for savings.
- For many families, daily expenses leave little room for financial security.
本课小练习
先独立完成,不要立即查看参考答案。
- 使用 err on the side of caution 写一个关于“经济与就业”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
- 使用 come at the expense of sth. 写一个关于“城市与住房”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
- 使用 leave little room for sth. 写一个关于“文化与社会”的句子;随后换到另一个主题,再写一句。
小练习参考
- 开放答案。检查 err on the side of caution 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 come at the expense of sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
- 开放答案。检查 leave little room for sth. 的结构是否完整、语境是否自然,并比较两次迁移后表达的核心含义是否保持不变。
迁移写作
围绕“压力、限制与应对”,选择一个与你的工作、学习或社会观察有关的具体问题,写一段 80—120 词的英文。至少自然地使用本课两个表达。
写完后检查:
- 表达的含义是否准确;
- 搭配和语法是否完整;
- 正式程度是否符合语境;
- 句子之间是否形成清楚的逻辑关系。
结束本课
回到页面顶部标记“完成初学”。之后按照第 1、3、7、21 天的节奏复习。复习时优先回忆和重写,不要先重读讲解。

