---
url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-3/40-who-s-who.md
description: 新概念英语第三册：Who's Who。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。
---

# 40 · 真假难辨

### 第1段

It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.
When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.
The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.

中文理解：为什么大学生似乎比其他人更爱搞恶作剧，至今也没人说得清。他们尤其擅长一种恶作剧，那就是设骗局。谎报火警，把消防队骗去扑灭一场根本不存在的大火，这种把戏太粗陋，稍有自尊心的大学生都不屑去做。他们更喜欢制造那种令人发笑的场面，除了受害者，人人都觉得有趣。
最近，一名学生看见两名工人正在大学外用风钻挖路，立刻打电话报警，说有两个学生假扮工人，正在用风钻破坏路面。挂断电话后，他又走到工人跟前，告诉他们：如果有警察来叫他们离开，不要当真。他还说，有个学生扮成警察，正在到处捉弄人。警方和工人都很感谢学生提前通报这个消息。
学生躲进附近一道拱门，正好能把接下来的一切看在眼里、听在耳中。果然，一名警察赶到，客气地请工人离开。一名工人很不客气地顶了回去，警察便威胁要强行带走他们。工人让他尽管动手，警察于是打电话叫人。不久，又来了四名警察，向工人严正交涉。工人仍不肯停工，警方就试图夺走风钻。双方激烈争执，一名工人火了，威胁要报警。警察听了，讥讽地指出，这恐怕没有必要，因为他们已经被捕了。一名工人装出一本正经的样子，问在被带去警察局之前，能否先打个电话。警方同意了，一名警察陪他来到公用电话旁。直到亲眼看见那人真在给警察局打电话，这名警察才明白，原来大家都中了别人的骗局。

* **specialize in**：专做；擅长于；specialize in + 名词或 doing，不用 specialize on。

* **put out**：扑灭；熄灭；表示扑灭或熄灭；不要与 put off 推迟混淆。

* **dressed up as**：装扮成；as接扮演的人，in后才接穿的衣服。

* **hung up**：挂断电话；挂断的过去式是hung，不是hanged。

* **were grateful to**：感激……；be grateful to + 人，for + 原因；不能交换两者介词。

* **on the scene**：在现场；到达现场；scene在此是事件现场，不是舞台布景。

* **a very rude reply**：十分无礼的回答；give / receive a reply，rude 描述态度，为冲突升级提供原因。

* **by force**：用武力；强行；描述强制手段，不是普通努力。

* **refused to**：拒绝做；偏偏不；人可拒绝，拟人时也可形容机器不肯运转。

* **lost his temper**：发脾气；temper指脾气；物主代词与发火的人对应。

* **pointed out**：指出；out不可省略，区别point at用手指向。

* **under arrest**：被逮捕；处于被捕状态；be under arrest 说状态，arrest someone 是动作。

* **Permission was granted**：获得了许可；grant permission to do；被动省略批准者，突出是否获准。

#### 原文注释 · It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.

注释：①a particular type = a special kind。②put out = extinguish。③deception = trick, something that deceives someone。 ④victims = people that suffer from other people's actions。

#### 原文注释 · When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill.

注释：①宾语从句中含有一个if 引导的条件状语从句。②hung up = put the phone down。③silly = stupid, childish。④grateful = thankful，be grateful to/for。

#### 原文注释 · The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on.

注释：①lose one's temper = hit the roof，大怒。\[1]only 开头，实际是when 引导的时间状语从句中含有一个that 引导的宾语从句作saw 的宾语，因为 only 限定的时间状语从句置于句首，主句部分倒装为 did he realize；并非所有以 only 开头的句子都倒装，例如 only 修饰主语时不因此倒装。

\[语法符号讲解] \[1]时间状语从句的结尾并没有任何标点，这里似乎容易与状语混淆，但只要看到里面还继续划分主谓宾成分，则可以判断其为状语从句而非状语。这里主句是倒装句，还带有一个that 引导的宾语从句作realize 的宾语，这里也要留意划分成分，宾语从句直至句末。

#### Summary 摘要

When a policeman arrived, he asked the workmen to go away. Later four more policemen arrived. The workmen still refused to stop and the police threatened to confiscate their pneumatic drill. One workman then threatened to call the police, which was silly because they were already under arrest. When another workman asked to make a telephone call, a policeman accompanied him to a phone. The workman actually rang the police and they realized they had been victims of a hoax. (80 words)

#### Composition 作文 Arrest the Police! 抓住那警察！

\[1]The policeman who accompanied the workman to the pay phone still did not realize that they had been the victims of a practical joke. When he and the worker returned to the scene of the hoax right outside the university gates, the other workman was still quarrelling with the police and resisting arrest(拒捕).

\[2]Following the worker's call to the police station, it was not long before more police arrived on the scene—and it is at this point that the story becomes very complicated! The workmen told the police who had just arrived that the first lot of policemen were actually students dressed up as policemen. The second lot of police therefore threatened to arrest the first lot of police, but before they did so, they asked for their identity cards. The first lot ignored this request and said that they really were policemen, but that the workmen were students. The workers had to prove their identity, too, they said.

\[3]None of them had to prove their identity by showing identity cards, because at this point two or three of the policemen started laughing, and then the workmen started laughing, and in the end they were all laughing. They finally realized that they had all been victims of a hoax—and not one of them could remember what the student had looked like. "After all," said one workman, "they all look the same to me." (237 words)

## 学完这一课

把一项复杂行为用 doing 作主语，再给评价。

[Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-3/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/)

*译文依据整理稿，由本站按中文表达重新校订；解析据吴应时、何景霖整理资料及首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第132—135页，2022年2月第3版。*