---
url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-3/25-the-cutty-sark.md
description: 新概念英语第三册：The Cutty Sark。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。
---

# 25 · “卡迪萨克”号帆船

### 第1段

One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.
The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.

中文理解：在格林尼治，至今仍能看到19世纪最著名的帆船之一——“卡迪萨克”号。它如今停放在陆地上，每年都有成千上万的人前来参观。这艘令人赞叹的船，让人想起往日巨帆远航的时代。在蒸汽船取代帆船之前，像它这样的船只，主要从中国运茶、从澳大利亚运羊毛。“卡迪萨克”号是有史以来最快的帆船之一，唯一能与它匹敌的，是“塞莫皮莱”号。1872年6月18日，两艘船同时从上海出发，展开了一场驶往英国的激烈竞赛。比赛整整持续了四个月，也是同类竞赛的最后一次，标志着帆船辉煌传统的终结和一个新时代的开始。
比赛开始后，“塞莫皮莱”号率先抵达爪哇，但进入印度洋后，“卡迪萨克”号取得了领先。眼看它就要最先返航到家，一路上却接连遭遇不幸。八月，一场猛烈的风暴扯掉了它的船舵。船身左右摇晃，完全无法控制方向。船员用备用木板在船上制成一个临时船舵，好不容易才装上去。可这大大拖慢了航速，因为一旦驶得过快，临时船舵也可能被扯掉。“卡迪萨克”号因此失去了领先优势。越过赤道后，船长停靠一座港口，更换新舵；但这时，“塞莫皮莱”号已经领先五百多英里。尽管换舵的速度极快，“卡迪萨克”号也不可能再赢了。它抵达英国时，比对手晚了一星期。考虑到途中遭遇的种种耽搁，这已经十分了不起。毫无疑问，如果没有丢失船舵，它本可以轻松赢得比赛。

* **on dry land**：在陆地上；dry land 与 sea 对照；不一定是在强调土地没下雨。

* **serves as**：充当；起……作用；serve as + 功能或角色，不是 serve someone 的服务对象。

* **the fastest sailing ships**：速度最快的帆船；one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词，保留之一而非唯一。

* **set out**：着手；开始有目的地行动；set out to do 表着手或打算做，本册第5、16、31课按目标行动理解；带地点时也可说出发。

* **the beginning of a new era**：新时代的开端；mark the beginning / end of… 用来说明历史转折。

* **took the lead**：取得领先；与 lose the lead 失去领先对照。

* **had a lot of bad luck**：很不走运；luck 不可数，不用 many bad lucks。

* **from side to side**：左右摇摆；描述来回运动，不是只往一边去。

* **on board**：在机上；在船上；board前不加冠词，具体交通工具由语境确定。

* **with great difficulty**：费了很大的劲；with说明做事的困难程度；别误解成帮助。

* **Because of**：由于；因为；后面接原因，不直接接完整陈述句；because 后面才可直接接主语和谓语。

* **lost her lead**：失去领先优势；lose a lead 与 take the lead 互相对照；本课 her 指船。

* **at tremendous speed**：以极快的速度；速度状态常用at；tremendous加强程度。

* **considering that**：考虑到……；用已知限制重新评价结果，不是空泛表示正在思考。

* **There is no doubt that**：毫无疑问……；后接完整判断；表达确信不代替证据，原文后面仍是虚拟设想。

#### 原文注释 · One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich.

注释：①reminder = something that makes you remember。②match = be equal to。 ③era = an age or period。

#### 原文注释 · The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.

注释：①struck = hit。②steer = guide, make sb. go in a particular direction。 ③temporary = provisional, lasting for a short time。④on board = on the ship。

#### Summary 摘要

The Thermopylae reached Java first, but the Cutty Sark took the lead on the Indian Ocean. When the Cutty Sark was struck by a storm, her rudder was torn away. A temporary rudder was made and fitted, but the ship lost the lead. After crossing the Equator, they called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted. Even with a new rudder, the Cutty Sark arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae, which was 500 miles ahead. (80 words)

#### Composition 作文 Ships of the Past 曾经的航船

\[1]Men have always wanted to cross water. Thousands of years ago, men made simple dug-out canoes so that they could cross rivers or go out into lakes to fish. At first, then, man's earliest boats were small and simple and were powered and steered by paddles or oars.

\[2]When men wanted to travel greater distances, across very large lakes or small seas, for example, boats needed to be larger. We have all seen pictures of ancient ships with rows of oars at each side and slaves to row them. In fact these galleys were just a larger version of the single-man rowing boat, still made of wood and very much the same design as very early boats.

\[3]Early ships might have been primitive, they might have been made of wood and might have been powered through the water with oars, but they managed to cross oceans. The Viking ships that invaded Britain hundreds of years ago also reached North America. Later sailing ships, like those that Columbus sailed in, the galleons that formed the Spanish Armada or those that Nelson sailed in, were an advance.

\[4]But perhaps the greatest development in the history of ships was when steam engines replaced sails. For centuries, ships had depended on the wind to sail across the seas and oceans. At last, with an engine to drive a propeller, seamen did not have to rely totally on the weather. From then on, ships like the "Great Eastern" could be larger, safer and more manoeuvrable in the water. (254 words)

## 学完这一课

对照 be used to do 与 be used to doing，各写一个意义不同的句子。

[Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-3/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/)

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