---
url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/81-escape.md
description: 新概念英语第二册：Escape。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。
---

# 81 · 脱逃

### 第1段

When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

中文理解：战俘杀死守卫后，迅速把尸体拖进灌木丛。他在黑暗中抓紧动作，很快换上了死者的衣服。 他穿着蓝色制服，肩扛步枪，大胆地在营地前来回巡逻。营内传来喊声，灯火通明，人们四处奔跑：他们刚发现有战俘逃走了。 这时，一辆坐着四名军官的黑色大汽车停在营门口。军官们下了车，他便立正，向经过的军官敬礼。 军官走后，司机向他走来，显然想聊几句。司机年纪较大，一头灰发，眼睛清澈湛蓝。 战俘有些不忍，可已经别无选择。司机刚走近，他便猛击一下，把对方打倒在地。 接着，他跳上汽车，以最快的速度开走了。

* **in the darkness**：在黑暗中；具体环境中的黑暗常带the；也可说in darkness。

* **changed into**：换上……；本课指换衣，不是把自身变成另一个物体。

* **up and down**：来回地；上上下下；可说上下移动，也可说来回走动；要看场景和动作。

* **here and there**：到处；这里那里；描写分散的位置，不表示固定路线。

* **stood to attention**：立正；固定军事表达，to不说明方向或目的。

* **drove off**：开车离开；off说明驶离，drive过去式是drove。

#### When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.

复合句，主句主谓宾结构，从句是when 引导的时间状语从句，本句在翻译的处理 上要留意代词的具体指向，从句中的he 指主句的the prisoner，而主句的him 又是从句的the guard，所以我们在翻译时干脆直接把代词的具体意思写出来，避免用他、他的，容易引起混淆.

#### Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes.

简单句，主谓结构，同样的，本句也需要处理翻译的指向，句中the dead man 指的是上一句被杀的守卫，目前文章只交代了守卫死了，所以在翻译时直接写换上了死去的卫兵的衣服即可.

#### Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.

简单句，主谓结构，句首是一个状语，交待换上的军装和装备情况.

#### He could hear shouting in the camp itself.

简单句，主谓宾结构，itself 是the camp 的同位语，表示强调，就是从营地里面传出来的声音，就是他上一秒还以囚徒身份被囚禁在的营地，现在却即将获得自由，这个itself 便把这个紧张感凸显了出来.

#### Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped.

并列复合句，本句以冒号分为前后两个独立的句子，冒号前是一个并列句，有两个过去进行时的句子，均为主谓结构；而冒号后则是进一步解释说明为什么会把所有的探照灯都打开，以及营地的人们跑来跑去到处搜捕，因为有人逃脱了，这句话是主谓 + 宾语从句的结构，该从句为主谓结构.

#### At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates.

简单句，主谓结构，本句有一个with 引导的介词短语作后置定语，说明车里坐了几个军官.

#### The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.

并列复合句，本句有两个and，第一个and 为第一层，这个and 前句将军官下车，后面讲战俘立正敬礼，而第二个and 就是连接战俘的立正和敬礼这两个动作，最后是一个as 引导的时间状语从句，当他们经过的时候，主谓结构.

#### When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him.

复合句，主句主谓结构，前面是when 引导的时间状语从句，为主谓结构.

#### He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.

简单句，主系表结构，这里grey hair 就是白头发，没必要把灰色翻译出来，白头发就行了.

#### The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do.

并列复合句， but 连接了两个句子，前句为主系表结构，后句为there be 句型，里面有一个he could do 的定语从句，修饰nothing else.

#### As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.

复合句，主句主谓宾结构，as 引导的时间状语从句为主谓结构.

#### Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

复合句，主句主谓结构，句末是原级比较结构：as + adv. + as + 从句. 第一个as 是副词，表程度，表示同样的，达到某个程度，修饰quickly，这个quickly 也是副词，修饰动词drove off，说明开得有多快；第二个as 是连词，是in the way in which 照…方式的意思，后面是比较状语从句，主谓结构.

这里可以替换为as quickly as possible，但 ASAP 通常是 as soon as possible 的缩写，意为“尽快”，不是 as quickly as possible 的逐字缩写。

## 学完这一课

先沿这条线复述《脱逃》：制服守卫，换装伪装 → 装成哨兵，营内已警觉 → 军官从眼前经过 → 司机走近想交谈 → 为脱身打倒司机 → 抢车逃离。再借一个结构讲自己的事：选出文中的两个动作，哪个先发生？再用自己的经历写一对。

[Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/)

*译文依据整理稿，由本站按中文表达重新校订；解析据吴应时整理资料及首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第198—200页，2022年3月第1版。*