---
url: https://gaojian.site/new-concept/book-2/77-a-successful-operation.md
description: 新概念英语第二册：A successful operation。精读、词块回忆、双向译练、句法、逻辑与FSRS复习。
---

# 77 · 一次成功的手术

### 第1段

The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.

中文理解：医生刚给一具古埃及木乃伊做了手术。这位女子叫谢彭穆特，于公元前800年去世，生前是底比斯神庙的一名歌手。 木乃伊的X光片上有奇怪的斑痕，医生一直想弄清她是否死于某种罕见疾病。要查清，唯一的办法就是动手术。 手术持续了四个多小时。皮肤上覆盖着坚硬的树脂，操作十分困难。医生取下木乃伊的一部分，送到实验室。 他们还发现了一件X光片没拍出来的东西：一尊小小的杜阿穆特夫神蜡像。这位长着牛头的神，通常被放在木乃伊体内。 医生还没有确定这位女子究竟因何去世。 他们原本担心，切开后木乃伊会散成碎片，幸好并没有发生。这具木乃伊成功“挺过”了手术。

* **had an operation**：接受了手术；病人have，医生perform an operation；注意角色不同。

* **find out**：查明；得知；重在查明信息；寻找一件物品通常说 look for。

* **died of**：死于；原句指死于疾病；不要把die误当成被动动词。

* **proved to be**：结果证明是；本课prove作系动词，不需要be proved。

* **fall to pieces**：散架；碎成片；强调物体自行散开或破碎，不是有人把它拆开。

* **cut it open**：把它切开；open说明切开后的结果；代词放cut后。

#### The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.

复合句，主句主谓宾结构，里面有一个who 引导的定语从句修饰 an Egyptian woman，说明死于公元前 800 年的是这位妇女，不是把 mummy 直接当成人称先行词。mummy 另有英式口语“妈妈”的意思，应按语境区分。

#### The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.

复合句，主句为主系表结构，后面有一个who 引导的定语从句，也是主系表结构. Shepenmut 是人名，也就是这个木乃伊是以这个人的遗体制作的.

#### As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.

复合句，as 引导的原因状语从句，为there be 句型，而主句为主谓宾结构，宾语为动词不定式短语构成，后面还跟了个whether 引导的从句作 find out 的内容宾语；out 是短语动词中的小品词，不是引出该宾语从句的介词，该宾语从句为主谓宾结构.

#### The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.

复合句，主句为主系表结构，即the operation proved to be difficult，这中间插入了一个非限制性定语从句，由which 引导，修饰operation，补充说明了该手术持续的时间情况. 最后是because 短语作原因状语，这里面又额外有一个which 引导的定语从句来修饰resin.

#### The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory.

并列句，均为主谓宾结构，这里to laboratory 是送去了实验室，教材用了意译，直接写了送去化验.

#### They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef.

复合句，主句主谓宾结构，find 的过去式为found.

后面有一个which 引导的定语从句修饰something，而引导词which 在该从句中作宾语，也就是后面的具体内容，这些内容作which 的同位语.

#### This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.

复合句，主句为主谓结构，被动语态，被放置在木乃伊体内；which 引导的定语从句则修饰god 的具体特点，有一个牛头.

#### The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died.

复合句，主句主谓结构，how 引导的从句作decided 的宾语，这个宾语从句也是主谓结构.

#### They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened.

happened.

并列复合句，but 连接两个句子，前句的主句为主谓 + 宾语从句结构，而宾语从句是主谓结构，在宾语从句之中，又有一个when 引导的时间状语从句，为主谓宾 + 宾补结构.

but 的后句为主谓结构.

#### The mummy successfully survived the operation.

简单句，主谓宾结构，这里survive 不能理解为存活了，毕竟木乃伊早就没有生命了，故而是成功经受住了这次手术检查.

## 学完这一课

先沿这条线复述《一次成功的手术》：古代木乃伊接受手术 → 为查明死因而手术 → 树脂让手术很困难 → 发现X光没显示的物件 → 死因仍待确认 → 木乃伊完整保存下来。再借一个结构讲自己的事：先用短句介绍本课一个对象，再用关系从句补上识别它的重要细节。

[Nce · 本册复习台](/new-concept/book-2/review) · [三册选择地图](/new-concept/)

*译文依据整理稿，由本站按中文表达重新校订；解析据吴应时整理资料及首轮审校稿；词伙与练习提示为本站学习设计。原PDF第188—190页，2022年3月第1版。*