--- url: https://gaojian.site/ielts-writing/72-essay-15.md description: Task 2写作训练：性别招生：机会平等与名额相等。看懂题目，读熟表达，回忆后换题使用。 --- # 正文 65｜性别招生：机会平等与名额相等 ## 本节题目 > Universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree? ## 读熟范文，理解选择 ### 参考回答 The issue of gender equality in university admissions has long been debated. While I strongly believe that both men and women should have equal educational opportunities, I disagree with the notion of universities mandating an equal number of male and female students in every subject. Requiring equal numbers of male and female students across all degree programs is, in my view, not a practical approach. The number of students admitted to any given course is typically determined by the number of applications received, not by gender quotas. Universities must maintain flexibility in admissions, as different subjects naturally attract varying numbers of applicants from each gender. For instance, courses in nursing often receive a higher number of female applicants, and enforcing a 50:50 gender split would make it difficult to fill these programs appropriately. Conversely, engineering courses tend to attract more male applicants, and imposing a strict gender balance could lead to a shortage of qualified candidates. In addition to the practical issues outlined, implementing gender quotas in university admissions raises concerns about fairness. The selection process should prioritize merit over gender. Universities should admit students based on their academic qualifications and achievements, ensuring that all applicants—regardless of gender—are assessed according to the same rigorous standards. Replacing merit-based selection with gender-based quotas would undermine the principle of fairness. For example, if a female candidate outperforms a male candidate in terms of qualifications, it would be unjust to admit the male student simply to maintain gender balance, even though the female student is more qualified. In conclusion, while gender equality in education is essential, university admissions should be based on merit rather than gender quotas. Such quotas would not only be impractical but also counterproductive to the goal of providing equal opportunities for all students, regardless of their gender. ### 中文理解 大学招生中的性别平等问题，长期以来一直受到讨论。我坚信男女都应享有平等的教育机会，但不赞成大学强制要求每个专业录取相同数量的男生和女生。 在我看来，要求所有专业都录取相同数量的男女学生，并不是一种切实可行的做法。一门课程录取多少学生，通常取决于收到多少申请，而不是预设的性别名额。不同专业吸引的男女申请人数往往不同，因此大学需要在招生中保持灵活性。例如，护理专业常常收到更多女性申请，如果硬性要求男女各占一半，就可能难以合理完成招生。相反，工程专业往往吸引更多男性申请，严格要求性别平衡，可能使学校难以找到足够多符合条件的申请者。 除了这些实际困难，招生中实行性别配额，也会引发公平方面的担忧。选拔过程应优先考虑能力和资质，而不是性别。大学应根据申请者的学业资格和成绩录取学生，确保无论性别如何，所有人都按同样严格的标准接受评估。用性别配额取代择优录取，会损害公平原则。例如，如果一名女性申请者的资质优于一名男性，仅仅为了维持性别平衡就录取男性，而放弃更合格的女性，这是不公平的。 总之，教育中的性别平等十分重要，但大学招生应以能力和资质为依据，而不是按性别分配名额。这样的配额不仅难以实行，也可能妨碍所有学生不分性别地获得平等机会。 ### 逻辑链 * 引言｜支持机会平等，反对固定配额：男女教育机会应平等 ≠ 每个专业录取人数必须相等。 * 主体一｜说明操作困难：不同专业申请人数不同 → 固定比例难以灵活招生 → 举护理与工程情境。 * 主体二｜说明择优录取的公平性：统一资质标准 → 按能力录取 → 配额可能排除更合格的申请者。 * 结论｜保留平等原则与能力标准：反对人数配额不是反对平等 → 用相同标准提供机会。 ### 本题词伙 * **educational opportunities**：教育机会；equal educational opportunities，写机会而非结果数字。 * **gender quotas**：性别配额；introduce / impose gender quotas，明确讨论的是名额政策。 * **academic qualifications**：学业资格；assess academic qualifications，与成绩和能力联系。 * **merit-based selection**：择优选拔；merit-based selection，整个复合词作修饰。 * **regardless of gender**：不分性别；用于说明评估适用于所有人，不需再加 of the gender。 ### 替换与拓展 * **apply consistent standards**：采用一致标准 Universities should apply consistent standards to all applicants. * **ensure fair access**：保障公平机会 Clear admissions rules can help ensure fair access. * **assess applicants fairly**：公平评估申请者 Institutions need to assess applicants fairly. ### 句型语法 * **用让步区分共同原则与政策分歧**：while 从句认可机会平等，主句反对各专业固定人数。这样不会让反对配额被误读成反对男女平等。 原句：While I strongly believe that both men and women should have equal educational opportunities, I disagree with the notion of universities mandating an equal number of male and female students in every subject. 结构：While I believe in A, I disagree with B. 迁移：While I believe in equal access to sport, I disagree with requiring everyone to join the same activity. 我赞成人人有平等参与体育的机会，但反对要求所有人参加同一种活动。 * **用 make it + 形容词 + to do 写实施困难**：it 是形式宾语，真正的行动是 to fill these programs。would 表示固定比例政策实施后的设想。 原句：For instance, courses in nursing often receive a higher number of female applicants, and enforcing a 50:50 gender split would make it difficult to fill these programs appropriately. 结构：… would make it difficult to + 动词. 迁移：A rigid schedule would make it difficult to meet different learners’ needs. 僵化的时间安排，会使满足不同学习者的需求变得困难。 * **用 even though 强化政策与公平之间的矛盾**：从句承认实际资质更高，却因配额被排除。原句把一般情境 if… outperforms 与 would be unjust 的评价结合，不必把它当作一个已发生事件。 原句：For example, if a female candidate outperforms a male candidate in terms of qualifications, it would be unjust to admit the male student simply to maintain gender balance, even though the female student is more qualified. 结构：It would be unfair to…, even though… 迁移：It would be unfair to reject an applicant simply because of age, even though the person meets all requirements. 一个申请者明明符合全部要求，却仅因年龄被拒绝，这不公平。 ## 选择与组织 · 为什么这样写 ### 把题目要求拆清楚 判断每个专业必须男女各半是否合理；equal numbers不是equal opportunities。 ### 怎样组织段落 申请者结构与可行性→资格选拔与公平→反对固定配额而支持公平机会。 ### 为什么这样选择 先拆开两个“平等”，再论证政策；不要用性别刻板印象代替申请人数与资格分析。 ## 语言与精度 · 本节重点 may attract不同群体不等于某性别天生适合某专业；merit-based selection需与题目保持关联。 ## 最后练一练 · 先组织，再写 读熟后，可以先遮住参考，回忆本节最有用的两三句。想动笔时再打开下方写作台，不需要首次学习就完成全文。 ### 定点练习 写一句区分机会与结果比例的话。 ::: details 写完后看一种参考处理 > Equal educational opportunities do not necessarily require identical numbers of male and female students in every subject. 检查它修正了什么意义或关系。可以使用不同措辞，但信息需要准确。 ::: ### 换题使用 **本站自编迁移题** 自编题：Universities should reserve equal places for urban and rural applicants. To what extent do you agree? 比较机会公平与固定比例。 先试一段，再视需要写全文。将新内容写在写作台的“迁移”中；原稿留在“初稿”，修订另存到“修改”。图表题需要重新识别特征，书信与议论文需要重新回应任务。 ::: details 打开写作台 · 短练、全文与复盘 > Universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 全文练习至少250词，约40分钟；本节短练可以先写一个主体段。 **留一个复盘**：我能回忆哪组表达？换了内容后，哪一句还不熟？下一次先检查这个问题。 :::