---
url: https://gaojian.site/ielts-100/69-气候并非恒定.md
description: 雅思100句第69课：朗读切分、难词重标、同义替换与语法结构分析
---

# 69｜气候并非恒定

IELTS 100 · 第 69 / 100 课

## 今日原句

> We tend to think of climate—**as opposed to** weather —as something unchanging, yet humanity has been at the mercy of climate change for its entire existence, with at least eight glacial episodes in the past 730,000 years.

::: details 本课抓手 · 需要时看结构与词块
**结构层次：** 通常看法／转折结论／历史佐证

**重点词块：** **as opposed to**、**be at the mercy of**、**glacial episode**

**输出目标：** 不看原句，能沿用本课结构表达一个与你有关的观点。
:::

## 准确理解

我们常觉得，与天气不同，气候是不会变的。然而，自人类出现以来，我们就一直受气候变化左右；仅在过去73万年里，就经历了至少八次冰期。

## 难词与同义替换

| 原表达 | 本句含义 | 可替换表达 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **as opposed to** | 与……相对 | in contrast to |
| **be at the mercy of** | 受……摆布 | be vulnerable to |
| **glacial episode** | 冰期 | glacial period |

替换词不一定能在所有语境中机械互换；这里的作用是扩大表达选择，同时保留本句语义。

## 语法骨架

先读懂 · 再分层

**主干与层次：** 我们常以为气候恒定，实际人类一直受气候变化支配；历史冰期是佐证。

* **通常看法：** `We tend to think of climate` think of A as B 是整体；破折号里用 weather 对比 climate，补足语是 as something unchanging。
* **转折结论：** `yet humanity has been at the mercy of climate change for its entire existence` yet 推翻前半印象；at the mercy of 表受其支配。
* **历史佐证：** `with at least eight glacial episodes in the past 730,000 years` with 引入支持长期变化的例子，不是造成气候变化的原因。

先找主语与核心谓语，再把条件、原因或修饰接回去。读到从句时，停一下：它在解释哪个词，还是在限定整个判断？

## 句型语法精讲

### 为什么这样说

`tend to think` 交代惯常直觉，`yet` 转向反证，`with` 给历史证据。破折号里区分 `climate` 与 `weather`，但真正主张仍是“气候并非不变”。

### 什么场景可以用

纠正常见印象，用 `We tend to think of A as B, yet` + 相反事实, `with` + 证据。先给可以检验的事实，不能只把个人不同意见包装成现实。

保留关系 · 替换内容

> `We tend to think of 〔气候〕 as 〔静止〕, yet 〔人类长期受变化影响〕, with 〔证据〕.`

### 从仿写看迁移

取自下方「语法句型仿写」第 1 句，可在那里听原声、跟读。

> We tend to think of neighbourhoods as fixed places, yet their character changes as people move in and out, with new shops appearing each year.

仿写第 1 句先给社区固定不变的印象，再说人员进出改变特征，新店不断出现作为例子。`with new shops appearing` 是伴随情境，`appearing` 不充当主句谓语。

容易误解的地方

`think of A as B` 的 `as` 不要省。`at the mercy of` 表“受……摆布”，不是因仁慈而受帮助；`with` 后给支持例子，不自动表示原因。

**接下来怎么学：** 先在「朗读切分」里带着理解跟读，再到「句型迁移」看结构怎样变化；自己的版本留到最后的「吃透与运用」。

> We tend to think of routines as permanent, yet they change when our responsibilities change, with small habits often disappearing first.

这是下方仿写第 2 句。先指出它保留了骨架中的哪一层关系，再将人物、事物或情境换成自己的内容；不必把原句所有修饰都搬过来。

## 朗读切分

> We tend to think of climate / — / **as opposed to** weather / — / as something unchanging, / yet humanity has been at the mercy of climate change for its entire existence, / with at least eight glacial episodes in the past 730,000 years.

先在 `/` 处短暂停顿。重读加粗内容词，虚词只轻轻带过；读到句尾再完整落音。

## 句型迁移

**可复用骨架：** `We tend to think of 〔气候〕 as 〔静止〕, yet 〔人类长期受变化影响〕, with 〔证据〕.`

> We tend to think of the countryside—as opposed to the city—as quiet, yet many rural areas face severe traffic noise during the summer.

试着保持这个骨架，把主题换成你的工作、学习或生活，再口头说一句。能替换内容，才算真正掌握结构。

## 吃透与运用

## 课后连听

今天想轻松听，就把本课原句与仿写串起来。这里用于听熟材料，不作为完成本课的必做任务；也可以去听力台自选更多课程。

***

[← 第 68 课](./68-衰老是损伤的累积.md) · [第 70 课 →](./70-龟类祖先追溯.md)